摘要
電動機在運行中經(jīng)常會由于使用不當(dāng)而引發(fā)各種故障,造成電動機損壞,影響經(jīng)濟生產(chǎn)。多功能電動機綜合保護器能夠根據(jù)負載電流判斷線路中的各種故障并及時進行保護,最大限度的減少經(jīng)濟損失。本文在分析了目前國內(nèi)外電動機保護器的研究進展與現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計了一種以PIC16F877單片機為控制核心,集短路、堵轉(zhuǎn)、斷相、過載、過壓和欠壓等故障保護于一體的多功能電機綜合保護器。
本文首先對電動機的相間短路、堵轉(zhuǎn)、斷相、過載、過壓和欠壓等常見電氣故障進行了詳細分析,并結(jié)合PIC16F877單片機的功能特點,提出了可靠性高、實施性強的故障保護實現(xiàn)方法。控制核心采用PIC16F877單片機,其AD轉(zhuǎn)換接口用于輸入電機電壓、電流采樣,結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,與現(xiàn)有電機綜合保護儀相比,增加了動態(tài)液晶顯示驅(qū)動電路用于顯示各種信息等功能。
根據(jù)文中提出的各類故障保護實現(xiàn)方法,設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)了電動機保護裝置完整的硬件電路,給出了保護裝置完整的系統(tǒng)軟件實現(xiàn)方案。
關(guān)鍵詞 :三相電機保護器; 單片機; 保護特性
Abstract
The production process are broken frequently due to the motor in operation are damaged, which is caused by abnormally running conditions. The intelligent motor protectors can be used, which will protect the abnormally running motors from damage, to minimize the malfunction time and reduce the economic losses. In this paper, a single-chip microcomputer, PIC16F877, based intelligent motor protector with functions of short-circuit protection,locked motor protection,phrase failure protection ,the overload protection ,over-voltage protection and under-voltage protection is designed on the basis of analyzing the development and status quo of motor protectors in the world.
In this thesis, the detailed analysis applied symmetrical component method of motor’s familiar electric fault on that a high-reliability implemental method of motor’s fault protection is provided according to the features of PIC16F877 microprocessor. The system is provided with A/D conversion interface used to sampling the input current of the motor and the structure is compact. Compared with the protection instrument for motor nowadays, this system increases functions such as dynamic LCD screen driven circuit to display different information.
According to the implemental method of motor’s fault protection the entire circuit diagrams are designed and the system software structure been easy to implement.
Keywords:Three-phrase motor protection; Single chip microcomputer; protection characteristic