基于CAN總線的大巴空調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)

電氣工程論文編號:DQ138   論文字?jǐn)?shù):16021,頁數(shù):49

摘要  Ⅰ
1  緒論  1
 1.1  本課題的背景和意義  1
 1.2  客車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理  2
 1.2.1  客車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)組成  2
 1.2.2  客車空調(diào)系統(tǒng)工作過程  3
 1.3  客車空調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)  4
2  總體設(shè)計(jì)方案  5
 2.1  CAN-bus空調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)  5
 2.2  系統(tǒng)硬件結(jié)構(gòu)  6
 2.3  節(jié)點(diǎn)軟件模型  7
3  CAN總線  8
 3.1  現(xiàn)場總線技術(shù)  8
 3.1.1  現(xiàn)場總線技術(shù)的概念  8
 3.1.2  現(xiàn)場總線控制系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)  8
 3.2  CAN總線的特點(diǎn)  9
 3.3  CAN-bus規(guī)范2.0B  10
 3.3.1  CAN的分層結(jié)構(gòu)  10
 3.3.2  CAN報(bào)文的幀結(jié)構(gòu)  11
 3.4  CAN應(yīng)用層協(xié)議——J1939  12
 3.4.1  J1939簡介  12
 3.4.2  J1939主要庫函數(shù)簡介  14
 3.5  CAN總線系統(tǒng)的節(jié)點(diǎn)  15
 3.5.1  CAN總線系統(tǒng)  15
 3.5.2  節(jié)點(diǎn)的概念  15
 3.5.3  節(jié)點(diǎn)的組成  16
4  PIC18F2580硬件概況  17
 4.1  PIC系列單片機(jī)的優(yōu)越性  17
 4.2  PIC18F2580內(nèi)部方框圖  19
 4.3  存儲器構(gòu)成  21
 4.3.1  程序存儲器構(gòu)成  21
 4.3.2  數(shù)據(jù)存儲器構(gòu)成  22
 4.4  CAN總線通訊模塊  23
 4.5  主同步串行口（MSSP 25
 4.5.1  MSSP方框圖  25
 4.5.2  SPI模式典型連接  26
 4.6  10位模數(shù)（A/D）轉(zhuǎn)換器模塊  27
5  系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)  29
 5.1  通訊模塊單元  29
 5.1.1  收發(fā)器PCA82C250  29
 5.1.2  CAN總線接口電路  29
 5.2  控制模塊單元  30
 5.3  按鍵、顯示模塊單元  33
6  系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)  34
 6.1  CAN通訊軟件設(shè)計(jì)  34
 6.2  司機(jī)空調(diào)控制節(jié)點(diǎn)軟件設(shè)計(jì)  35
 6.3  車頂控制節(jié)點(diǎn)軟件設(shè)計(jì)  36
 6.3.1  車頂控制節(jié)點(diǎn)主程序  37
 6.3.2  運(yùn)行模式轉(zhuǎn)換  38
 6.3.3  空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的保護(hù)  39
 6.4  TMR0定時(shí)器軟件設(shè)計(jì)  41
7  總結(jié)  42
致謝  43

摘要
 
 隨著汽車電子技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，現(xiàn)代汽車中所使用的電子控制系統(tǒng)和通訊系統(tǒng)越來越多，巨大的數(shù)據(jù)交換量，如仍然采用傳統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)交換的方法，即用導(dǎo)線進(jìn)行點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)的連接的傳輸方式將是難以想象的。CAN（Controller Area Network）作為汽車環(huán)境中的微控制器通訊總線，解決了這一問題，它在車載各電子控制裝置 ECU之間交換信息，形成了汽車電子控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)。而目前，幾乎所有大巴中的空調(diào)空調(diào)系統(tǒng)，仍用導(dǎo)線經(jīng)行點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)的連接，導(dǎo)線連接復(fù)雜，通訊不可靠，而且與車身CAN-bus系統(tǒng)無法實(shí)現(xiàn)互連，不能實(shí)現(xiàn)信息共享，與汽車電子的現(xiàn)有技術(shù)水平不相匹配。
 鑒于此，本設(shè)計(jì)采用CAN-bus通信技術(shù)，選用集成有CAN控制器的單片機(jī)PIC18F2580作為主控制器，實(shí)現(xiàn)大巴空調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)CAN-bus通訊。該系統(tǒng)節(jié)約了導(dǎo)線的使用量，降低了線路發(fā)熱損耗，提高控制系統(tǒng)的檢測精度與控制的穩(wěn)定性，并可以與車身CAN-bus系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)直接對接。

關(guān)鍵詞：汽車電子，CAN-bus，空調(diào)控制，PIC18F2580

Abstract
              
With the continuous development of Automotive Electronics Technology, electronic control system and communication system used in modern automotive is more and more. If we still use the traditional methods of data exchange, that is, transmission with wires connected to a point-to-point, the result will be unimaginable. The issue was resolved by CAN (Controller Area Network), as the micro-controller communication bus in automotive environment. Automotive electronic control devices (ECU) exchange information by CAN-bus which formed a network of automotive electronic control. While at present, almost all buses air-conditioning control system still use wire line to a point-to-point connection. If so, wire connection is complex, communication is unreliable, also it is unable to achieve interconnection to the CAN-bus system of automobile body, information sharing can not be achieved and it is not matched with the the existing level of Automotive Electronics Technology.
So the bus air-conditioning control system in this design used CAN-bus communication technology, selected single chip microcomputer PIC18F2580 integrating CAN-controller and realized CAN-bus communication. The system saved the use of wire, reduce heat loss of lines, improved detection accuracy and control stability of control system, also able to achieve interconnection to the CAN-bus system of automobile body.

Keywords : Automotive Electronics, CAN-bus, Air- conditioning control, PIC18F2580