創業素質與能力培養路徑的探索

我國現階段的大學生畢業人數不斷增加，也造成各行業的就業壓力不斷擴大，而逐年增加的畢業生人數和社會崗位需求越來越不匹配，很多大學生都面臨著畢業等于失業、就業難的問題。在這種情況下，完全依靠政府和社會的力量是不可能解決的，培養大學生的創業意識就顯得十分重要。大學生創業對緩解就業壓力、轉變經濟發展具有重要作用。本文的主要研究課題是大學生的創業素質和創業能力。通過學生創業問卷調查，從創業學習能力、心理反應能力、創新創造能力、組織管理能力和把握機會的能力等方面,對學生群體的創業能力進行了分析和探討，指出了這方面的一些不足之處，分析了造成這種不足的原因，從提高大學生自身創業熱情，推動大創業教育的協同發展，創造良好的學生創業機會等方面提出了自己的思考，背景下學生創業素質與能力的提升提供參考和借鑒。

關鍵詞：大學生創業；創業素質與能力；創業教育；校企合作

Abstract

At present, the number of college graduates in our country has been increasing, which has also caused the pressure of employment in various industries to expand. The increasing number of graduates and the demand for social positions are increasingly incompatible. Many college students are facing the problem that graduation is equal to unemployment and difficult to find employment. In this case, it is impossible to rely entirely on the power of the government and society, and it is very important to cultivate the entrepreneurial consciousness of college students. College students 'entrepreneurship plays an important role in easing employment pressure and transforming economic development. The main research topic of this paper is the entrepreneurial quality and entrepreneurial ability of college students. Through the questionnaire survey of students 'entrepreneurship, this paper analyzes and discusses the entrepreneurial ability of students from the aspects of entrepreneurial learning ability, psychological response ability, innovation and creation ability, organizational management ability and ability to grasp opportunities. This paper points out some shortcomings in this field, analyzes the reasons for these shortcomings, and puts forward his own thoughts on how to improve the enthusiasm of college students for entrepreneurship, promote the coordinated development of large-scale entrepreneurship education, and create good opportunities for students to start their own businesses. Under the background, the improvement of students 'entrepreneurial quality and ability provides reference and reference.

Key words:college students'entrepreneurship；entrepreneurship；entrepreneurship education；school-enterprise cooperatio

目  錄

摘  要I

一、引言1

（一）研究背景與意義1

1.研究背景1

2.研究意義1

（二）文獻綜述1

1.國外研究現狀1

2.國內研究現狀2

3.研究述評2

二、創業素質與能力的概念及現狀2

（一）創業的素質與能力2

（二）大學生創業素質與能力現狀3

1.大學生創業動機具有盲目性3

2.大學生創業意識與動力不足3

3.大學生創業心態不成熟4

三、影響大學生創業素質與能力的成因及影響6

（一）影響大學生創業素質與能力的成因6

1.家庭環境因素6

2.教育環境因素6

3.社會環境因素6

（二）提升大學生創業素質與能力存在的問題7

1.機會把握能力不足7

2.心理應對能力弱7

3.組織管理能力不夠8

4.創新創造能力不足8

四、提高大學生創業素質與能力的策略8

（一）營造創業活動的社會氛圍8

1.加強媒體輿論對創業素質與能力的宣傳工作8

2.多方協作促進創業活動的開展8

（二）培養大學生個體創業素質與能力9

1.理論課程與實踐相結合9

2.轉變對創業的態度9

3.完善自身對創業素質的認識9

（三）創造良好的大學生創業機會10

1.校企聯動搭建創業實踐平臺10

2. 建立校企創業幫扶體制10

3.建立大學生創業信息檔案系統10

結 論11

參考文獻12

附 錄：14

關于大學生自主創業素質與能力的問卷調查14

致謝19