L-肉堿的合成

制藥工程論文編號:ZY045    論文字數:9202,頁數:23

目 錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 III
1 緒論 1
 1.1  引言 1
 1.2  研究現狀 2
2 實驗部分 6
 2.1 儀器和試劑 6
     2.2 實驗步驟 6
3 結果與討論 8
 3.1  L-CHPTMA合成的結果與討論  8
     3.2  氯化L-肉堿腈合成的結果與討論 11
 3.3  L-肉堿合成的結果與討論 14
4 總結與展望 17
致謝 18
參考文獻 19

摘要：L-肉堿（L-Carnitine）又名維生素BT，化學名為L-β-羥基-γ-三甲銨丁酸（β-hydroxy-γ-（trimethylammonio）butyrobetaine）。制備L-肉堿的方法很多,本文以手性環氧氯丙烷為起始物,將其經過季銨化生成L-(-)-3-氯-2-羥基丙基三甲銨氯化物,采用正交法對反應條件進行優化,在pH=7,手性環氧氯丙烷與鹽酸三甲胺摩爾比為0.95,42℃條件下反應5h收率為94.8%；將L-(-)-3-氯-2-羥基丙基三甲銨氯化物與30%的氰化鈉經腈化反應而生成L-(-)-3-氰基-2-羥基丙基三甲銨氯化物,通過單因素實驗對反應過程進行研究,在51℃下反應6h,收率為83.7%；產物經過水解反應后制得的L-肉堿鹽,經離子交換法制得L-肉堿,收率為78.9%,總收率為62.6%。

關鍵詞：L-肉堿；手性環氧氯丙烷；季銨化；腈化

Abstract: L-carnitine is also named vitamins BT, which chemical name is β-hydroxy-γ-（trimethylammonio）butyrobetaine．There are a lot of methods to synthesis L-carnitine, chiral epichlorohydrin taken as start material is discussed in this paper. L-(-)-3-chloride-2-oxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is produced by reacting chiral epichlorohydrin with trimethylami-
ne hydrochloride. The best yield 94.8% is acquired at the conditions of chiral epichlorohydrin and trimethylamine hydrochloride with the mole rate of 0.95, react at 42℃ for 5 hours. L-(-)-3-cyano-2-oxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is produced by reaction of L-(-)-3-chloride-2-oxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and sodium cyanide, the highest yield 83.7% is obtained at 51℃ for 6 hours by the one-factor experiment. Finally, L-(-)-3-chloride-2-oxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is hydrolysis and then anion exchange to obtain L-carnitine with yield of 78.9%. The overall yield of this process is 62.6%.

Keywords: L-carnitine；Chiral epichlorohydrin；Quaternize；Cyaniding