《木馬人家》異化的人際關系

論文編號:YY700  論文字數:7950.頁數:23

摘要
 
 大衛·H·勞倫斯是二十世紀英國杰出的小說家。在其短暫的一生里，勞倫斯創作了大量膾炙人口的長篇小說，像《兒子與情人》、《虹》、《查泰來夫人的情人》等。此外，他還創作了大量的短篇小說，詩歌，游記等。這些作品客觀的反映了工業文明下機械對人的壓迫，過度勞動對人性的異化以及人與人之間關系的物化�！赌抉R贏家》是勞倫斯的一篇著名短篇小說。故事探討了勞倫斯最為關注的現代社會中已病入膏肓的人際關系，并從一個側面反映了西方工業社會中金錢對健康和和諧人際關系的扭曲以及機械文明壓迫下家庭成員關系的物化。
 本文主要探討了《木馬贏家》中人際關系的異化及成因，并試圖探討走出異化的途徑。全文由五部分構成。第一章主要介紹了作者勞倫斯和《木馬贏家》以及自作品問世以來評論界對其所做的主要研究。第二章通過對小說中夫妻、親子、親戚、主仆關系的分析，揭示了資本主義文明下人際關系的全面異化。第三章從社會和個體兩方面分析了人際關系異化的原因。社會方面從社會歷史背景、經濟、文化、教育制度等方面進行分析，個體方面從人的自我異化和人與人之間的異化兩方面進行分析。第四章試圖探討走出人際關系異化困境的途徑。作者對勞倫斯、薩特、艾略特等人在文學中探求解決方案所做的努力進行分析，并試圖找出解決途徑。最后結論總結了全文并闡述了它對現代社會中人際關系的警示和啟發作用。

關鍵詞：勞倫斯；木馬贏家；人際關系；異化

Abstract

 D. H. Lawrence is one of the greatest English novelists in the twentieth century. In his short life, he creates a lot of famous novels, such as Sons and Lovers, The Rainbow, Lady Chatterley’s Lover, and so on. In addition, he writes plenty of short stories, poems and travel books. These works objectively reflect the oppression that machines bring to human beings, the alienation of human nature caused by overwork, and materialized relations between people under the industrial civilization. “The Rocking-Horse Winner” is a famous short story of Lawrence, which probes into the seriously alienated interpersonal relations that Lawrence pays most attention to. The short story also reflects money’s distortion to health and interpersonal relations as well as materialization of family relations under the mechanical civilization.
 The paper mainly discusses the alienation of interpersonal relations and the causes of the alienation in “The Rocking-Horse Winner”. It tries to find the ways of going out of the plight of alienation. The paper consists of five chapters. Chapter 1 introduces Lawrence and “The Rocking-Horse Winner” as well as some people’s researches on them. Chapter 2 exposes the whole alienation of interpersonal relations under the capitalist civilization according to the analysis of the alienation of the relations between the husband and wife, the parents and children, the relatives and the masters and servants. Chapter 3 analyzes the causes of the alienation of interpersonal relations from the aspects of society and the individual. In social respects, it analyzes the historical background, economical causes, cultural causes and educational causes while in individual respects it analyzes the self-alienation of the individual and the alienation between individuals. Chapter 4 tries to explore the ways of going out of the plight of alienation. The author tries to find the solutions through the analysis of the efforts that Lawrence, Sartre, and Eliot make in literary perspective. The conclusion summarizes the content of the paper and elaborates the warning and enlightenment to the alienation of interpersonal relations in modern society.
 
 Key words: Lawrence; “The Rocking-Horse Winner”; interpersonal relations; alienation

Contents

Chapter 1  Introduction1
Chapter 2  Reflections of the Alienation of Interpersonal Relations3
 2.1 Alienated Relation Between the Husband and Wife……………………………………….3
 2.2 Alienated Relation Between Parents and Children………………………………….……4
 2.3 Alienated Relation Between Relatives…………………………………………………….5
 2.4 Alienated Relation Between Masters and Servants…………………………………………5
Chapter 3  Causes of the Alienation of Interpersonal Relations7
 3.1 Social Causes………………………………………………………………………………7
 3.2 Individual Causes…………………………………………………………………………10
Chapter 4  Solutions to the Alienation of Interpersonal Relations13
 4.1 Exploration for Going Out of the Plight of Alienation…………………………………….13
 4.2 Ways of Going Out of the Plight of Alienation………………………………………….…14
Chapter 5  Conclusion16
Notes.17
Bibliography……………………………………………………………………18
Acknowledgements.19