居民出行分布的電子云現象

應用物理學論文編號:WLX077  字數:9629,頁數:24

目  錄
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
目錄 iii
第一章     緒論  1
 1.1  研究動機與目的 1
 1.2  研究背景 1
 1.3  研究方法與系統描述 1
 1.4  論文內容概述 1
第二章     城市交通擁堵問題  3
 2.1   交通擁堵現象 3
 2.2   交通擁堵產生的原因 3
 2.3   解決交通擁堵問題的方案 4
第三章     居民出行分布與電子云分布的類比 5
 3.1   電子云分布理論 5
 3.2   居民出行分布 6
 3.3   居民出行分布與電子云分布的類比 6
第四章     理論模型建立 7
      4.1  分離變量 7
      4.2  徑向分布 7
      4.3  角度分布 9
      4.4  以電子云徑向概率密度為參考建立理論模型 10
第五章     模型驗證 13
第六章     實用型的出行分布概率模型并量化分析計算 15
      6.1  實用型模型的建立 15
      6.2  實用型模型的應用 16
      6.3  實用型模型的標定 17
第七章     結論 19
致謝 20
參考文獻 21

   摘      要
 當前城市交通擁堵現象十分嚴重，如何緩解交通擁堵的壓力，正確而合理地制定居民出行交通方案是一個十分重要的問題。本論文從量子力學關于電子云分布的特征為理論基礎，以物理學觀點將居民出行概率與電子云分布進行類比。研究發現，居民出行分布的概率密度曲線與氫原子基態電子在核外出現的概率密度曲線極為相似，運用量子力學中的電子云分布模型可以很好地解釋居民出行分布特性，根據氫原子中電子的徑向概率密度函數為主要參考建立了模擬電子云居民出行分布模型。以杭州翰墨香林社區的居民出行為依據，調查并量化分析居民出行的情況，對模型進行驗證。在此基礎上，進一步建立實用模型，并對實用模型進行標定。該模型可在城市規劃和城市交通規劃中定量描述居民出行分布狀態，從而為解決交通擁擠問題提供一份決策依據，更好地規劃城市和城市交通。

關鍵詞：交通擁堵  電子云  出行分布  類比

Abstract
  The phenomenon of urban traffic congestion is currently a very serious problem. How to relieve the pressure of traffic jams, and then making a correct and reasonable program of residential trip is a very important issue. This paper is on the basic theoretical of the distribution of electron cloud of quantum mechanics, and with the physics view, taking analogy between the probability of residential trip and distribution of electron cloud. The research showed that the probability density curve of residential trip distribution is very similar to the probability density curve of electron in ground state of hydrogen atom. The characteristics of residential trip distribution can be well described by the electron cloud model in quantum mechanics. In this paper a residential trip distribution model is built by simulating electron cloud according to the radial probability density function of electron in hydrogen atom. According to the situation of the residential trip in Han Mo Xiang Lin community in Hangzhou, analyzing the situation of the residential trip in quantitative, and then verifying the model. The application model is further put forward and its calibration method is given. The model can quantitatively describe the state of residential trip distribution in urban planning and urban traffic planning. And then provide a basis of decision-making for solving the problem of the traffic congestion, make better planning of cities and urban transport.

Keywords:  traffic congestion; electron cloud; trip distribution; analogy