殼聚糖滲透汽化膜的制備及性能研究

食品科學論文編號:SP125  論文字數:15855,頁數:34

目  錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 III
1. 緒論 1
1.1 膜分離技術的發展狀況 1
1.2 滲透汽化膜的研究狀況 2
1.2.1 滲透汽化膜的發展歷史 2
1.2.2 滲透汽化膜的傳遞過程 3
1.2.3 影響滲透汽化性能的因素 3
1.3 殼聚糖膜的研究狀況 4
1.3.1 殼聚糖滲透氣化膜 5
1.3.2 殼聚糖其他類膜 6
1.4 課題的提出及內容 6
1.4.1 研究目的、意義 6
1.4.2 研究內容概述 7
2. 實驗部分 8
2.1 實驗材料 8
2.1.1 化學試劑 8
2.1.2 實驗儀器   8
2.2 實驗 8
2.2.1 殼聚糖分子量測定 8
2.2.2 脫乙酰度的測定 9
2.3 殼聚糖滲透汽化均質膜的制備 9
2.4 殼聚糖溶脹膜的制備及溶脹度測定 10
2.4.1 溶脹用膜的制備 10
2.4.2 膜溶脹度測定 10
2.5 殼聚糖膜的滲透汽化性能測定 10
2.5.1 滲透汽化裝置及測試 10
2.5.2 料液及透過液的分析 11
3. 結果與討論 12
3. 1 殼聚糖均質膜的溶脹度依賴性    12
3.1.1 浸泡時間   12
3.1.2 浸泡溫度 12
3.1.3 料液組成 13
3.2 殼聚糖均質膜的滲透汽化性能 14
3.2.1 殼聚糖分子量 14
3.2.2 殼聚糖脫乙酰度 17
4．總結與展望 18
致謝 20
參考文獻 21

摘  要：滲透汽化分離是一種高效、節能的分離技術，特別適用于近沸及恒沸混合物的分離。其中，異丙醇脫水是近年來有機物脫水領域中很重要的一個分離體系。異丙醇在工業上有十分廣泛的應用。殼聚糖是一種天然的滲透汽化膜材料，不僅來源豐富，成本低，親水性好，還具有良好的成膜性能,較高的機械強度和抗化學腐蝕能力。因此，殼聚糖膜一直受到膜科學研究者的普遍關注。本文研究了殼聚糖分子量，脫乙酰度，操作溫度、進料液濃度以及不同進料液體系對膜滲透汽化性能的影響。
本文還通過界面反應法制備了新型殼聚糖(CS)－部分水解聚丙烯酰胺（HPAM）聚電解質復合膜用于異丙醇脫水。

Abstract: Pervaporation, as one of high efficient and economic membrane separation methods, is capable of separating azeotropic and near-boiling point mixtures. The best developed application is for the dehydration of water–alcohol mixtures. Dehydration of isopropanol has received great attentions from industries due to its uses in various industries. As a hydrophilic material for pervaporation membranes, chitosan has drawn a great attention in past decade. In addition to its rich source and a low cost, high hydrophilic, the good film forming property, high mechanical strength, and chemical resistance make chitosan very promising material. The pervaporation performance of homogeneous chitosan membranes was investigated by altering the molecular weight, the degree of deacetylation of CS, operating temperature, feed composition and feed kinds.
Polyacrlaminde (PAM) was synthesized by using Ce4+ and then hydrolyzed under alkali aqueous solution to partly polyacrlaminde( HPAM). A novel composite membranes with two opposite charge polyelectrolytes, chitosan(CS) and HPAM, were prepared through coating method for isopropanol dehydration.
關鍵詞：滲透汽化膜；聚電解質；殼聚糖；部分水解聚丙烯酰胺；異丙醇脫水

Keywords: pervaporation membrane; polyelectrolyte; chitosan; HPAM; IP/H2O