菜籽生物柴油的合成

生物工程論文編號:SW055  論文字數(shù):12702,頁數(shù):29

目  錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目  錄 III
1.  緒論 1
1.1  生物柴油產(chǎn)生的背景 1
1.2  生物柴油的發(fā)展狀況 3
1.2.1  國外生物柴油的發(fā)展狀況 3
1.3  我國生物柴油發(fā)展的機遇 6
1.4  生物柴油的制取方法 8
2.  實驗部分 11
2.1  實驗原理 11
2.2  原料及試劑 14
2.3  儀器與設備 14
2.4  檢測方法 15
2.5  實驗方法 15
3. 結果與討論 17
3.1  醇油比對反應的影響 17
3.2  催化劑濃硫酸的用量對反應的影響 17
3.3  反應時間對產(chǎn)物產(chǎn)率的影響 18
3.4  反應溫度對產(chǎn)物產(chǎn)率的影響 19
4. 總結與展望 21
致  謝 22
參考文獻 23

摘要：隨著能源危機和環(huán)境保護的影響，尋找出一種可以替代石油產(chǎn)品的并對環(huán)境危害小的新能源越來越成為一種趨勢。在一些發(fā)達國家，人們已經(jīng)開始研究用植物油替代石油，并以投入生產(chǎn)使用。同時，菜籽油制取生物柴油的研究較為深入，我們用菜籽油來研制生物柴油具有一定的研究價值。
 用植物油與醇發(fā)生酯交換制取生物柴油是目前使用比較廣泛的一種方式，在眾多的清潔替代能源中，植物油甲酯作為柴油的替代品有很多的優(yōu)點。影響酯交換反應的主要因素有醇油比、催化劑、反應溫度、反應時間等。在實驗過程中，考察了醇油比、催化劑用量、反應溫度、反應時間對反應產(chǎn)率的影響。結果表明：本研究最優(yōu)化的反應條件是醇油比為8:1、催化劑濃硫酸用量為菜籽油質(zhì)量的1.0%、反應溫度65℃、反應時間為2小時，在這個條件下得到生物柴油最高產(chǎn)率為92.4%。
關鍵詞：生物柴油；酯交換；菜籽油；濃硫酸

 Synthesis of Rapeseed Biodiesel
Abstract : Increasing environmental awareness and depletion of energy resources are the driving force for the industry to develop renewable fuels which is environmentally friendly. In many developed countries, people began to investigate vegetable oil instead of petrol, and some cities have produced large scale. In the same time, Bio-diesel from rapeseed oil is more in-depth research, we developed rapeseed oil to biodiesel has some research value.
 With the vegetable oil transesterification with alcohol Making Biodiesel is currently used by more extensive way, in many alternative energy in clean, vegetable oil methyl ester as a diesel replacement has many advantages. Effect transesterification of methanol to oil ratio of the main factors, catalyst, reaction temperature, reaction time. In the experiment, the study of alcohol to oil ratio, catalyst amount, reaction temperature, reaction time on the reaction yield. The results show that: In this study, the optimal reaction conditions of methanol to oil ratio of 8:1, catalyst amount of concentrated sulfuric acid rapeseed oil is 1.0%, reaction temperature 65 ℃, reaction time was 2 hours in this condition are bio-diesel The maximum yield was 92.4%.
Keyword :biodiesel;transesterification;Rapeseed oil; Concentrated sulfuric acid