蕓苔屬蔬菜種子中異硫氰酸鹽的提取與分析

生物工程論文編號:SW066  論文字數:9046,頁數:24

目  錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 III
1. 緒論 1
1.1 異硫氰酸鹽及其前體物質 1
1.2 異硫氰酸鹽的抗癌機理 2
1.3 異硫氰酸鹽的研究現狀及本課題的研究意義 3
2. 實驗部分 5
2.1 實驗材料 5
2.2  異硫氰酸鹽粗提取物的提取方法 6
2.3  分析方法 7
3. 結果與討論 9
3.1 種子提取工藝的研究的結果 9
3.2 標準曲線圖 10
3.3 種子水解液的GC-MS分析 10
4. 總結與展望 16
致謝 17
參考文獻 18
附錄 20

摘 要：十字花科植物中含有大量不同種類的異硫氰酸鹽，目前已被證實其具有明顯的抗癌作用。本實驗對異硫氰酸鹽的提取工藝進行了初步的研究。比較了各個工藝的提取率后發現工藝Ⅰ的異硫氰酸鹽含量最高，因此在以后的提取中都采用該方法提取。先制得蕓苔屬植物種子水解液再用二氯甲烷從種子水解液中提取出硫代葡萄糖苷水解產物，經氣相－質譜聯用分析組分，分析出12種異硫氰酸鹽和腈類化合物，主要有異硫氰酸烯丙酯、異硫氰酸3-丁烯酯、異硫氰酸苯乙酯、蘿卜硫素、告伊春（goitrin）等，并且測定了他們的含量。蘿卜硫素主要存在于西蘭花中，苯乙酯存在于大頭菜、花菜中，烯丙酯和3－丁烯酯在大多數種子中都存在。這些結果為制備富含蘿卜硫素、PEITC等生物活性化合物的功能性食品打下基礎。

關鍵詞：異硫氰酸鹽; 云苔屬蔬菜; 種子; 高效液相色譜（HPLC）; 氣相/質譜聯用(GC-MS)
Extraction and analysis of isothiocyanates from brassica species

Abstract: Isothiocyanates, which are rich in Cruciferae family, have been shown to have anticarcinogenesis. In this paper, the extraction technique parameters of isothiocyanates were studied. The results showed that the extracting rate of techniqueⅠwas the highest, comparing with other technique, so the extraction technique Ⅰ was used in the afterwards experimentation. Glucosinolates autolysis products of seed meal were extracted from hydrolyzate of brassica species by methylene chloride method and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. More than 12 compounds were identified. The main compounds were allyl isothiocyanates, 3-BITC, PEITC, sulforaphane, goitrin, etc,and their content was mensurated. Sulforaphane was found mainly in broccoli, PEITC was found mainly in root mustard and cauliflower. Allyl isothiocyanate and 3-BITC were found in most species of Brassica L.

Keywords：isothiocyanates; brassica species; seeds; HPLC; GC-MS