聚丙烯酸鹽增稠劑的合成

生物工程論文編號:SW185  論文字數(shù):10534,頁數(shù):21

目   錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 III
1. 緒論   1
  1.1   前言 1
  1.2   文獻綜述 2
    1.2.1  分類 2
    1.2.2  性能 2
    1.2.3  國內(nèi)外活性印花合成增稠劑的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 .. 2
    1.2.4  合成技術(shù) .. 3
    1.2.5  影響產(chǎn)品增稠性能的因素 4
2. 實驗部分 6
  2.1  原料 6
  2.2  大單體的合成 6
    2.2.1 順丁烯二酸酐和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚反應(yīng) 6
  2.3  反相乳液聚合合成疏水性締合型聚丙烯酸增稠劑 6
    2.3.1 不加大單體增稠劑的合成 6
    2.3.2加大單體增稠劑的合成 7
    2.3.3　濃縮  7
  2.4  產(chǎn)物性能測試 7
    2.4.1白漿的粘度和流變性能 7
    2.4.2 耐電解質(zhì)性 7
3. 結(jié)果與討論 8
  3.1 丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺合成增稠劑的影響因素   8
    3.1.1 丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺合成增稠劑的影響因素   8
    3.1.2 水相與油相質(zhì)量比影響  8
    3.1.3 丙烯酸中和度的影響  9
  3.2 丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺和馬來酸酐大單體合成增稠劑的影響因素 10
    3.2.1保溫時間的影響 10
    3.2.2 乳化劑用量的影響 10
    3.2.3通N2保護所用時間的影響 11
  3.3 引發(fā)劑種類對反相乳液聚合的影響 12
4. 總結(jié)與展望 14
致謝  16
參考文獻 17

摘要：合成增稠劑是目前國內(nèi)外普遍使用的增稠劑，而其中由反相乳液合成的聚丙烯酸鹽增稠劑在同類產(chǎn)品中具有明顯優(yōu)勢。本文介紹了以丙烯酸、氫氧化納、N，N一亞甲基雙丙烯酰胺(MBAM)、TX-10等為原料制備聚丙烯酸鹽增稠劑的工藝。研究了聚合反應(yīng)時間、Span80用量、TX-10用量、MBAM用量等因素對聚丙烯酸鹽增稠劑產(chǎn)品增稠性能和反應(yīng)進程的影響。實驗結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，通氮氣時間太短會增加反應(yīng)誘導(dǎo)期，甚至無法進行反應(yīng)；反應(yīng)時間超過一小時對產(chǎn)品的增稠性能沒有明顯影響；TX-10用量增加可以明顯提高產(chǎn)品的增稠速度，提高產(chǎn)品使用性能，但對產(chǎn)品的增稠性能無明顯作用；凝膠效應(yīng)的產(chǎn)生和MBAM用量有關(guān)系，增加MBAM用量可以增加產(chǎn)品增稠性能。另外本實驗測試了氧化還原引發(fā)體系聚合，發(fā)現(xiàn)聚合反應(yīng)進行得比較緩和，誘導(dǎo)期也很短．升溫速度比非氧化還原體系低，容易控制。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)不加大單體的增稠劑的耐電解質(zhì)性比較差。
通過馬來酸酐和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚合成大單體，引入到增稠劑分子中，可以使產(chǎn)品的耐電解質(zhì)性得到明顯地改善。
 

關(guān)鍵詞： 聚丙烯酸鹽；反相乳液聚合；氧化還原引發(fā)；增稠性能

Abstract:Synthetical thickener is very popular used all of the world at present. Polyacrylic acid thickener maded in inverse emulsion polymerization is much better than any other in this area. This paper introduces the craft of how to produce Polyacrylic acid thickener with polyacrylic acid、NaOH 、MBAM、TX-10 and so on. Also we researched relationship between thickening properties of polyacrylic acid、 chemistry course and time, amount of Span80、TX-10 、MBAM and so on. In this experiment we found, when we reduce the time of N2, the chemistry course would start later even the chemistry course couldn’t start. There was no effect on thickening properties of polyacrylic acid when the time of chemistry course runs over one hour. The speed of thickening of polyacrylic acid improved when we added the amount of TX-10, but it didn’t affect properties of polyacrylic apparently. The result of gel had something about with amount of MBAM. Increase the amount of MBAM could improve thickening properties of polyacrylic acid. Additionally, we tried another project with oxidation - reduction reaction. We found the reaction carry out mildly, and the time before start chemistry course is also short. And the temperature of course improves much slower than any other reactions, so it is easy to control. It is also found that the electrolyte sexual tolerance of the thickener is bad without adding the macromer into the thickener.
The electrolyte sexual tolerance of the thickener can be improved apparently by the introduction of macromer synthesized by maleic anhydride and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene.
Keywords：Polylacrylic acid;  Inverse emulsion polymerization; Oxidation - reduction reaction; Thickening properties