構(gòu)建多主體農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給機(jī)制

論文字?jǐn)?shù):10376,頁(yè)數(shù):14  農(nóng)林經(jīng)濟(jì)管理專(zhuān)業(yè)論文

摘  要
 農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品是指供由范圍不同的農(nóng)村居民消費(fèi)、享用的，具有“非排它性”和公益性的各類(lèi)物質(zhì)或服務(wù)產(chǎn)品，涉及農(nóng)村公共設(shè)施、公共事業(yè)、公共福利、公共服務(wù)等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。具體包括：義務(wù)教育、計(jì)劃生育、優(yōu)撫救濟(jì)、社會(huì)保障、社會(huì)治安，文化、衛(wèi)生、體育等社會(huì)事業(yè)，供水、供電、道路等公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)、環(huán)境綜合整治，防災(zāi)減災(zāi)、氣象、公共科技資源與服務(wù)、病蟲(chóng)害防治，行政、法律和社區(qū)服務(wù)等。
 農(nóng)業(yè)基本經(jīng)營(yíng)單位和核算單位的變化帶來(lái)了農(nóng)村公共分配秩序和分配關(guān)系的變革，并進(jìn)而要求對(duì)農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品的供給機(jī)制做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。然而，由于家庭經(jīng)營(yíng)的制度變遷發(fā)生在我國(guó)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生重大轉(zhuǎn)折的歷史時(shí)期，既缺乏系統(tǒng)的理論準(zhǔn)備和制度設(shè)計(jì)，也不是自上而下有組織、有計(jì)劃地實(shí)施的，這就決定了制度本身的不完善和發(fā)展變遷的長(zhǎng)期性：家庭經(jīng)營(yíng)自下而上的誘致性制度變遷并未能給諸如農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣以及農(nóng)村公益事業(yè)等公共產(chǎn)品的供給提供有效的制度安排，現(xiàn)行“鄉(xiāng)政村治”模式下農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給機(jī)制仍然只是人民公社時(shí)期供給機(jī)制的繼承。

關(guān)鍵詞：公共產(chǎn)品  機(jī)制  多主體

Abstract
 The countryside public product is refers for expends by the scope different countryside inhabitant, enjoys, has and the public welfare each kind of matter or the service product, involves the countryside public facility, the non-profit organization, the public good, the public service and so on each domain. Includes specifically: The compulsory education, the birth control, give special care to the relief, the social security, the social order, social enterprise and so on culture, health, sports, the water supply, the power supply, the path and so on the public infrastructure, the ecological environment construction, the environment synthesis renovates, takes measures against natural disasters the disaster reduction, the meteorology, the public technical resources and the service, plant disease prevents and controls, administration, law and community service and so on.
 The agriculture basic management unit and accounting unit's change has brought the countryside public assignment order and the assignment relations transformation, and then the request makes the corresponding adjustment to the countryside public product supplies mechanism. However, because family management system vicissitude occurs in our country society has the significant transition historical period, also lacks the system the theory preparation and the system design, also organized, has the plan implementation from the top downward, this had decided system itself is imperfect and the development vicissitude long-term characteristic: Family management from bottow to top causing system vicissitude can give such as the agriculture infrastructure, the agricultural technology promotion as well as the countryside public utility by no means and so on the public product supplies provides the effective system arrangement, present "the township politics village governed" under the pattern the countryside public product supplies mechanism still was only people's commune time supplies mechanism inheriting.

Key words: Public product, Mechanism, Multi agent

目  錄
摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………I
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………II
1 前言…………………………………………………………………………………………1
 1.1 研究的目的和意義……………………………………………………………………1
 1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究文獻(xiàn)綜述…………………………………………………………………1
 1.3 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容…………………………………………………………………2
2 我國(guó)農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給的歷史沿革及相關(guān)理論…………………………………………2
 2.1 農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給的歷史沿革………………………………………………………2
 2.2 農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給的相關(guān)理論………………………………………………………3
3 農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給的現(xiàn)狀…………………………………………………………………4
 3.1 生產(chǎn)性公共產(chǎn)品供給不足……………………………………………………………4
 3.2 非生產(chǎn)性公共產(chǎn)品供給膨脹…………………………………………………………5
 3.3 供給渠道單一…………………………………………………………………………5
4 農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給存在問(wèn)題的原因分析…………………………………………………5
 4.1 以制度外財(cái)政為主的公共資源籌集制度……………………………………………5
 4.2 自上而下的制度外公共產(chǎn)品供給決策機(jī)制…………………………………………6
5 多主體農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給機(jī)制的構(gòu)建……………………………………………………6
 5.1 完善農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品的供給民主決策機(jī)制……………………………………………6
 5.2 農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品可實(shí)行多主體籌資……………………………………………………7
參考文獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………………………………………8
致謝……………………………………………………………………………………………9