微量注射泵控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計

機械設(shè)計制造及其自動化論文，論文編號:JX1063  論文字數(shù):30586.頁數(shù):60

摘  要
 目前，在醫(yī)院使用的微量注射泵俗稱“微泵”在手術(shù)室病房使用較多，在一定程度上減輕了醫(yī)務(wù)人員的勞動強度，給病人提供持續(xù)的給藥方式，避免了一次給藥等藥物產(chǎn)生的峰值效應(yīng)對人體肝腎等臟器損害，大大減少總藥用量，給病人帶來了福音，給醫(yī)務(wù)人員帶來方便。由于微泵價格較貴難以推廣應(yīng)用，國產(chǎn)價格幾千至一萬多元不等，進口價格二至五萬多元，從一定程度上限制了它的推廣使用，因而價格因素是它能否廣泛使用的根本原因。臨床水銀血壓計每臺在一百元左右，因此在各級大中小醫(yī)院普遍使用就是一個很好的證明。所以制作一臺小型微量注射泵非常有意義。
 制作一臺小型微量注射泵與臨床目前使用的微泵相比較而言，必須是體積小，重量輕，功能較全，輸注量控制精確，實用，便于攜帶，適合于各種急救及臨床和實驗室使用。另一方面又體現(xiàn)在價格優(yōu)勢上，即成本低，控制在一千元左右，但又必須質(zhì)量可靠，利于臨床大規(guī)模推廣應(yīng)用。
 鑒于此，本畢業(yè)設(shè)計將試制一種體積小，重量輕，功能較全，實用，便于攜帶且成本較低的微量注射泵，主要用于臨床高精度輸注藥液。本論文將介紹這種微量注射泵控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計過程。
 這種微量注射泵具有以下主要功能：1．可根據(jù)所設(shè)參數(shù)，自動計算并控制注射速度（0.1-999ml/h）；2．注射總量設(shè)置及已注射總量累計顯示（0.1-9999ml）；
3．可快速推進（200ml/h）；  4．具有Standby（限時暫停）功能；5．可對下列情況進行報警：阻塞、內(nèi)部錯誤、注射結(jié)束提前預(yù)報警、注射結(jié)束；6．自動檢測注射器尺寸（20ml、50ml）；7．具有“自檢”功能；8．可選配電池（外接）。根據(jù)上述的功能要求，本文作者在查閱了許多相關(guān)文獻資料并分析比較了國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有微量注射泵的優(yōu)缺點基礎(chǔ)上，確定了控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計方案。該微量注射泵控制系統(tǒng)以STC89C58單片機為控制核心，硬件設(shè)計采用模塊化結(jié)構(gòu)。
關(guān)鍵詞：微量注射泵  控制系統(tǒng)  硬件設(shè)計  單片機

Abstract
 Currently, the hospital used microinjection pump commonly known as "micro-pump" in the operating room to use more wards, to some extent alleviate the medical staff in the labor intensity, to provide sustained delivery, avoided a drug delivery and other peak effect on the human liver and kidney and other organ damage, greatly reducing the total amount of medicinal, to bring the Gospel of patients to medical staff convenience. As micro-pump to higher prices and promotes the use of domestic prices of a few thousand to 10,000 yuan, and import prices from 20,000 to 50,000 yuan,in a certain extent, limited its use, and hence the price factor is whether it can use its root causes. Clinical mercury sphygmomanometer in each of about 100 yuan, at all levels of medium and small hospitals generally use is a good proof. Therefore, produced a small microinjection pump is very meaningful.
     Produced a small microinjection pump and the current clinical use of micro-pump comparison, must be small in size, light weight, function over all, the infusion volume control is accurate, practical and easy to carry, which is suitable for all kinds of treatment and clinical and laboratory use. The other reflected in the price advantage, which is low-cost, 1000yuan in control, but it is essential to the quality of reliable, conducive to large-scale clinical application.
 Because of this, the graduates will be designed to Trial producing a small size, light weight, than all functional and practical, easy to carry and less costly microinjection pump, mainly for clinical precision infusion liquid medicine. This paper presents such a microinjection pump control system design process.
 Microinjection of this pump has the following major functions : 1. Under established parameters, automatic calculation and control of injection speed (0.1-999ml/h); 2. Injection volume injection has been set up and shows the cumulative total (0.1-9999ml); 3. Rapidly advancing (200ml/h); 4. Have Standby (SPECIAL suspended) function; 5. Can be conducted on the following report : obstruction of internal errors, ahead of the end of injection advance warning, the end of injection ;6. Automatic detection syringe size (20ml,50ml); 7. With "self-censorship" function; 8. Optional battery (external). According to the above functions, The author access to the relevant literature and comparative analysis of the existing domestic and international microinjection pump on the basis of the advantages and disadvantages, set of control system design. The microinjection pump control system to control STC89C58 microcontroller core, hardware design modular structure .
Keywords : microinjection pump  control system  hardware design  MCU

目   錄
摘  要 i
Abstract ii
目   錄 iv
第一章  緒論 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢 1
第二章  系統(tǒng)功能分析和方案設(shè)計 3
2.1  系統(tǒng)功能分析 3
2.2  系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計 6
2.3  本章小結(jié) 8
第3章  控制系統(tǒng)硬件組成 9
3.1  系統(tǒng)基本配置 9
3.1.1 主控板 9
3.1.2 LCD顯示器 14
3.1.3 步進電機及驅(qū)動器 15
3.2  操作面板界面設(shè)計 16
3.3  本章小結(jié) 17
第四章 控制系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計 18
4.1 硬件設(shè)計的要點 18
4.2 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計 18
4.2.1 電路原理圖設(shè)計 19
4.2.2 電路板的制作 22
4.3系統(tǒng)硬件抗干擾分析 23
本章小結(jié) 26
第五章  硬件調(diào)試 28
5.1 電源及CPU部分 28
5.1.1排除電源故障 28
5.1.2排除CPU故障 28
5.2 顯示器及鍵盤部分（借助軟件） 28
5.2.1排除顯示器故障 28
5.2.2排除鍵盤故障 30
第六章 總結(jié) 31
參考文獻 32
致 謝 33