工傷保險與事故預防

論文編號:AQ003  字數:15867,頁數:20

摘要
工傷保險是針對工業化社會客觀存在的工傷事故和職業危害所強制采取的保障工傷職工基本權益的一項社會保險。工傷保險是社會保險體系中在世界范圍內開展最早、實施范圍最廣的項目。工傷事故不僅是勞動者面臨的普通風險，對于企業經營者而言也是如此。目前，全世界已有160多個國家和地區進行了工傷保險立法，并確立了工傷保險制度。我國政府歷來十分重視職工的合法權益。建國50年來，國內的工傷保險事業也得到了一定的發展。然而由于我國人口多、底子薄，工業化進程緩慢，加上缺乏經驗，在管理模式、基金籌集、工傷范圍及待遇等方面均存在不少問題，分析市場經濟條件下發揮工傷保險事故預防機制對建立我國安全生產長效機制十分重要。因此，有必要通過分析我國工傷保險現狀及存在的問題，借鑒發達國家的先進管理經驗，結合我國企業安全生產實際，通過建立和完善工傷保險與事故預防相結合的機制，利用工傷保險費率的杠桿調節作用，促進企業增加安全投入，改善企業的安全生產狀況，實現安全生產，建立安全生產長效機制。

關鍵詞  工傷保險  工傷事故  事故預防  現狀   經驗

Abstract
Of all kinds of social securities, industrial injury insurance is the longest in history, the most extensive project. The carrying out of  industrial injury insurance system is also an important subject of modern 
Law system. Industrial injury accidents are common risks, not only to workers, but also to managers of enterprises. According to the ILO＇statistics, the loss caused by Industrial injury accidents all over the
world accounts to 5 percent of the Gross National Products(GDP). By now,
now, more than 160 countries and areas have enacted laws about Industrial injury accidents, and established the Industrial injury accidents system.
       Our country has joined in WTO, whether the Industrial injury insurance system is normal or not will directly impact our trade with the other members of WTO. Our party and country have constantly attached importance to workers＇benefits. From the Regulation of Chinese Labor Insurance in 1951 to the Regulation of Industrial Injury Insurance in 2004,our country＇industrial injury insurance system had passed over 50 years＇time. But because of some reasons, the industrial injury insurance system is not very complete, and there are many problems, especially the combination of industrial injury insurance and accidents prevention. So it is necessary to analyze the present state of industrial injury insurance and its problems , draw on advanced management experience of developed countries, associate the actual safety production state of the enterprises of our country, establish and perfect the combing mechanism of industrial injury insurance and accidents prevention, and make use of the lever regulation effects of industrial injury insurance rate, in order to promote enterprises to increase safety inputs, improve enterprises＇safety production condition, accomplish safety production and set up a long efficient system of safety production.

Key words   industrial injury insurance   industrial injury accidents    accidents prevention   actual state  experience

目錄
摘要............................................................................ 1
Abstract.........................................................................1
1  引言 .........................................................................3
2 我國工傷保險存在的問題及分析...................................................4
2.1 我國工傷保險制度發展歷程 ....................................................4
2.2 最近幾年工傷保險存在問題 ....................................................5
2.3 現行工傷保險在與事故預防上的結合 ............................................7
2.3.1 確定了工傷預防的工傷保險功能，但在工傷預防上只有務虛的法律表述.............7
2.3.2  過于偏重補償,而將工傷預防置于次要地位.....................................7
2.3.3 提出了工傷保險與事故預防、職業康復相結合的要求，然而不具備可操作性 ........7
2.4 工傷保險的問題分析..........................................................10
3 國外工傷保險發展情況..........................................................12
4 國內外工傷保險制度比較分析....................................................12
5  建議.........................................................................13
5.1 擴大工傷保險的覆蓋面........................................................13
5.2 提高工傷保險的統籌層次......................................................13
5.3 建立科學和規范的費率機制....................................................14
5.4 完善勞動安全衛生制度........................................................14
5.5 加快立法，規范制度..........................................................14
6 結語：樹立長遠目標和近期目標..................................................14
6.1長遠目標 ....................................................................15
6.2近期目標.....................................................................16
結  論 .........................................................................17
致  謝 .........................................................................18
參 考 文 獻 ....................................................................19