論騰沖人民在滇西抗戰中的貢獻

論文編號:LS189  論文字數:11523,頁數:14

論騰沖人民在滇西抗戰中的貢獻

摘要
                      
 太平洋戰爭爆發以后，日本為了盡快實現其“大陸政策”。迅速占領了東南亞越南、緬甸等國。1942年5月，祖國西南邊陲的畹町、騰沖等重鎮相繼失守。中國政府也迅速組織部隊進行阻擊，滇西抗戰由此開始。在滇西抗戰中，騰沖民眾付出了巨大的犧牲，經受了難以想象的苦難。騰沖淪陷后，原來駐守騰沖的監督、縣長不戰而退，棄城而逃。騰沖愛國紳士，各界代表，迅速在敵人占領區，組成縣務會議，繼而成立抗日縣政府，領導民眾開展了艱苦卓絕的抗日活動。縣城淪陷后，及時救助縣城逃往四鄉的難民，并組織數千騾馬搶運淪陷區的物資，以保障抗日軍民的急需。在基本安置了民眾生活的同時，配合軍隊開展游擊戰爭，記有“歸化寺戰斗”、“香柏嘴戰斗”、“古永戰斗”、“黃泥坎戰斗”等十數次，殲敵數百名。這些戰斗雖然規模不大，但所有都是在敵人占領區內開展的，使敵處處受襲，不得安寧，牽制了日軍主力，支援了緬甸戰場。騰沖城淪陷期間，城中除日寇及漢奸宵小潛居外 ，市民都疏散遠避，與敵不共戴天。敵人多方謀劃引誘，勸令遷回，并擬恢復市集，但是，市民寧愿在農村受苦，也不愿回城做“順民”，致使騰沖城成為一座死城，粉碎了敵偽的經濟掠奪、政治奴役、軍事占領并擴大侵略的罪惡企圖。這是騰沖民眾對日寇的恨，而對為民作戰的遠征軍則充滿由衷的愛。當遠征軍返攻縣城時，騰沖出動4萬6千多名民工，運送彈藥糧秣、搶修橋梁公路、當向導、抬擔架、救護傷員、偵察敵情，以至家無青壯，致使到保山戶帕運送60萬斤軍糧的任務落于老弱婦孺肩上。1萬多民夫，如龍似蟻，往來于百里路程的崎嶇山嶺間，不過五六日的時間，就將60萬斤軍糧運完。目睹此狀的遠征軍及美軍官兵，至為感動，贊嘆為“空前罕見”。當遠征軍返攻高黎恭山及來鳳山時，軍糧供應不上，將士忍饑殺敵，騰北地區及城郊的和順、洞山的千家萬戶的民眾，寧可自己不吃或少吃，將煮熟的飯菜，冒著槍林彈雨，送往陣地。這兩次戰役投入兵力數萬，歷時數十天。其糧食消耗量之巨大可想而知，但是，騰沖民眾最大限度地加以承擔。所有這些都反映出了騰沖人民的英雄壯舉、不怕犧牲的愛國熱情和堅強不屈的意志。由此可知：騰沖人民在滇西抗戰中做出了巨大的貢獻。

關鍵詞：滇西抗戰  抗日政府  普通民眾  貢獻

Discussing the Contribution of TengChong People in DianXi Protecting War

Abstract

 As soon as the war of the Pacific broke out, Japan took action to occupy Vietnam and Burma quickly in order to carry out them“Mainland Policy”. In May.1942, the crucial towns in the south-western were lost one by one and the Chinese government organized to launch a counteroffensive in time. Thus, DianXi Protecting War began. In this battle, people of TengChong suffered a lot made huge sacrifices, but it was a real pity that at last they still lost them hometown. Although there was no commander, the dedicated patriots aroused the masses to unfold the toughest struggle. They relieved refugees, delivered supplies and also launched guerrilla war to match with the army. All these battles were small ones, however, they made the enemy an unfavorable situation and supported Burma battlefield. On the one hand, people put up resistance against aggression. On the other hand, they showed hearty appreciation to the expeditionary force who fight for their interests, they transported medicines and ammunition, constructed roads and bridges, rescued the wounded and gathered intelligence about the enemy. When the military food supplies were lacking, hundreds of thousands of people would take the food to the front under the enemy’s heavy fire. All these witnessed the spirit of people of TengChong—strong—willed and patriotic. And from above, we all know the great contribution TengChong’s people made to the protecting war.

Key words: DianXi Protecting War; Government of Resistance Against Japan; Common People; Contribution.

目錄

引言…………………………………………………………………………………1
文獻綜述……………………………………………………………………………1
研究方法……………………………………………………………………………2
討論與分析…………………………………………………………………………2
一、騰沖抗日政府對滇西抗戰的貢獻……………………………………………4
1．整頓鄉村基層 …………………………………………………………………4
2．舉辦各類戰時培訓班，訓練基層行政人員，加強抗戰隊伍的建設 ………4
3．清查戶口，防止日軍及其間諜滲透 …………………………………………5
4．重新組織自衛組織 ……………………………………………………………5
5．賑濟難民及遠征軍散兵 ………………………………………………………6
6．組織民眾助戰 …………………………………………………………………7
7．組織軍民合作站　勞軍和優待抗屬 …………………………………………7
8．成立軍政聯席會議 ……………………………………………………………8
9．組織搶運物資 …………………………………………………………………8
二、騰沖普通民眾在滇西抗戰中的貢獻…………………………………………8
1．助戰 ……………………………………………………………………………9
2．義救抗日志士 …………………………………………………………………10
3．援救英軍將士 …………………………………………………………………10
4．出動大量民夫幫助部隊 ………………………………………………………10
5．供應軍需糧秣 …………………………………………………………………11
6．修建國殤墓園 …………………………………………………………………11
7．騰沖華僑對滇西抗戰的貢獻 …………………………………………………12
結論…………………………………………………………………………………13
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………14