A study of then "Yongxi north Expedition" on the Northern song Dynasty's louncil
Abstract:"Yongxi Northern Expedition" is the early Northern Song Dynasty of an important war. It is not only the failure to change the Royal Northern Song Dynasty rulers Liaoning strategy, but also makes them have a serious psychological fear Liaoning. Therefore, the ruler of positive change to the original 16 states to recover the original intention of Youyun, external defense based mainly negative. "However, worry-things can prevent. Ganye not - but, if the internal problems, fear can also deep," and Song Dynasties Sanbaiershinian become the dominant ruling ideology. Since then rulers internal establish a "virtual observe, within" policy, and actively consolidate the process of internal rule, as despotic military man but since the Five Dynasties, 24.38 rule the roost, and the decline of imperial power reduced, the emperor often playing with the generals in shares hold on, was the confidant power manipulation in the hands of generals, a local Jiedushi is under the control of such a historical reasons. For the generals precautions, even as the Northern Song "concentrating on the virtual," the focus of policy implementation. With a strong stem weak branches, and will be in the Royal Chongwenmen restrain arms as the main principles of the political system gradually formed. These strategies have a rule, for the consolidation of state power is indeed the Northern Song Dynasty played a great role, but it is a military officer with the lack of trust on the return. Later, there is even more of a thorough understanding of the value of the generals to belittle that, "while the Restless, Wu Chen fortunate that the benefits" and "Wu Chen no matter when Hei on strategy, and to the enemy, Han will succeed. Without seeking good-yong , covered its regular.. "
These views have, making Wubei breakdowns in the Northern Song Dynasty, national defense and security greatly reduced. But even more serious is that, with a "virtual Shou, the" established policy, foreign rulers to passive defensive oriented, and the main force for the prevention and repression at home, an official with redundant, redundant soldiers, redundant costs as the main feature of the "three redundant" situation gradually formed, which is the Northern Song Dynasty, "the poor and weak" situation created the appearance of the soil. "Three redundant" situation has emerged to the Northern Song Dynasty national strength was greatly weakened. Huge bureaucracy, but the large number of officials overstaffing, following the beaten track of the prevailing wind. Although the increasing number of army, but did not fundamentally improve the army's combat effectiveness of the Northern Song Dynasty. Military personnel living "You play in the city between Chan," "lazy arrogance is a long time, consumption of bile Bei" "Beijia with soldiers, dozens of firms, even if the surge Khan," There is no fighting power to speak of the "redundant" soldiers, in withstanding foreign slightest regard can not play their role. They can bring the people, can only maintain this is an empty one for the situation, and the huge financial burden. For people, in addition to the huge burden of military expenditures and a huge contingent of the bureaucratic spending this "redundant costs", the increasingly serious problem of land annexation also made their lives more difficult. "The rich look of a bridge-and the poor without Zhuo cone of the" annexation of the land situation of Health so that they no longer had to rose. This exacerbated the Northern Song to the "poor and weak" on the road ahead. Thus "Yongxi Northern Expedition" led to the failure of the Northern Song Dynasty, "the poor and weak," a situation, it is the Northern Song Dynasty, "the poor and weak," the main reason for the situation.
Keywords: The Northern Song Dynasty "Yongxi Northern Expedition"
" Shou nei xu wai" the Poor and Weak
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