論宋代科舉制度的變革及其啟示

論文編號(hào):LS171  論文字?jǐn)?shù):14908,頁數(shù):17

論宋代科舉制度的變革及其啟示
 
 摘要
 
 宋代科舉取士成為選拔官吏的重要途徑和教育制度的重要組成部分。不斷變化的宋代社會(huì)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化及階層關(guān)系，對(duì)科舉考試提出了新的要求。為此，科舉制度也進(jìn)行著“與時(shí)俱進(jìn)”的變革和發(fā)展。殿試制度化，開科時(shí)間規(guī)范化，取士范圍擴(kuò)大化，制度實(shí)施進(jìn)一步靈活、公平化，總體上使宋代科舉制度呈現(xiàn)出規(guī)范性、廣泛性、靈活性等特征，其變革與宋代社會(huì)發(fā)展相適應(yīng)。既選拔了大量人才，加強(qiáng)了封建中央集權(quán)，又維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定，促進(jìn)宋人文化素質(zhì)的提高和傳統(tǒng)文化的建構(gòu)及傳播。這既是科舉制度自身發(fā)展和宋代社會(huì)內(nèi)在要求的產(chǎn)物，也是宋代統(tǒng)治者理想的反映和高度重視的結(jié)果。探討宋代科舉制度的變革及其啟示，可為今天教育的改革發(fā)展和人才選拔機(jī)制的完善提供有益借鑒和參考，進(jìn)而促進(jìn)社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)的建設(shè)。
 
 關(guān)鍵詞: 宋代  科舉制度  變革  啟示
 Talk about change and enlightenment of imperial examination system of Song Dynasty

Abstract： Imperial examinations chose scholars as officials and became important route and important component of the education system of choosing the government official in Song Dynasty. Constantly changeable society and politics, economy, culture and stratum's relation of Song Dynasty, have put forward the new requirement for the imperial examinations examination. For this reason, change and development that imperial examination system is " growing with each passing hour " too. Final imperial examination institutionalized, turn on department time standardization, choose scholars as officials range magnify, it is further flexible fair to take for system to implement, make imperial examination system demonstrate characteristics such as the regulatory, extensive, flexibility,etc. in Song Dynasty generally, it is in conformity with social development of Song Dynasty that it is improved. Choose a large number of talents, strengthen feudal centralization, also safeguard the social stability, promote Song people improvement and to build, construct and travel traditional culture of cutural dynamics. This since imperial examination system is developed and inherent result that required of society in Song Dynasty, it is ruler's ideal reflection and result of great attention of Song Dynasty too. Probe into Song Dynasty change and their enlightenment of imperial examination system, can choose completion of the mechanism offer helpful reference and consult reform and development with talent that educate today, and then promote the construction of the socialist harmonious society.

Keyword：Song dynasty  Imperial examination system  Change  Enlightenment

目錄

引言．1
文獻(xiàn)綜述．1
研究方法．2
討論與分析.......................................................3
宋代科舉制度的變革．3
 1.宋代科舉制度變革的社會(huì)背景．3
 2.宋代科舉制度變革的狀況．4
 （1）宋代科舉制度的規(guī)范性特征5
 （2）宋代科舉制度的廣泛性特征5
 （3）宋代科舉制度的靈活性特征6
 （4）宋代科舉制度的公平性特征.. ．7
宋代科舉制度變革的歷史功能和作用．8
 1.科舉制度變革的政治功能．8
 2.科舉制度變革的文化教育功能．9
 3.科舉制度變革的社會(huì)功能......．10
宋代科舉制度變革的啟示．11
 1.對(duì)教育改革與發(fā)展的啟示.............11
 （1）追求教育公平公正............12
 （2）實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育適應(yīng)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步，推進(jìn)教育改革13
 （3）和諧社會(huì)對(duì)教育改革與發(fā)展的要求14
 2.對(duì)各類人才選拔的啟示............．14
 （1）公務(wù)員選拔機(jī)制的完善...........．14
 （2）其他行業(yè)人才選拔...........................．15
結(jié)論.................................................16
參考文獻(xiàn)．17