健康咨詢對支氣管哮喘患者急性發作頻率的影響

論文編號:HL222 論文字數:12157,頁數:25

論文題目：健康咨詢對支氣管哮喘患者急性發作頻率的影響
摘　要
目的：評價健康教育咨詢在支氣管哮喘防治方面的影響，減少支氣管哮喘患者急性發作頻率，提高自護能力及其生活質量
方法：本研究采用成組病例對照研究。研究對象選擇2007年6月～2008年5月在山東省即墨市人民門診及住院診斷的300例哮喘患者(20-70歲)，分為對照組和研究組。2組患者在年齡、性別、民族及居住地等方面沒有統計學差異，采用問卷調查法，調查內容包括哮喘的預防、控制、治療、管理方面的知識，有快速緩解藥和長期預防藥的使用、哮喘的觸發因素和先兆癥狀、肺功能的監測等8個部分；診斷依據中華醫學會呼吸病分會哮喘學組制定的《支氣管哮喘防治指南（2003）》。將回收的問卷進行核對檢查，剔除不合格問卷，將調查結果錄入計算機，應用SPSS11.5統計軟件進行統計分析。所有病例隨訪1年，觀察哮喘急性發作及再住院例數，同時了解其發作誘因。
結果 ：在300例病例中，男性183例，女性117例，男女的性別比例1.56：1。對照組的患者數量與性別分布與病例組相同。實驗組患者對哮喘的相關知識、峰流速儀、定量霧化儀及平喘藥物的使用等方面明顯優于對照組，其哮喘發作頻率及年平均住院次數明顯低于對照組(P<O．01) 。
結論：為支氣管哮喘患者制定全面的健康教育咨詢，提高患者對哮喘的認知水平，可減少支氣管哮喘患者急性發作次數及再住院率。
關 鍵 詞：支氣管哮喘； 護理； 健康咨詢
論文類型：研究報告 
 
 Title:The impact on the reduction of acute episode frequency in patient with bronchial asthma by health inquiry

ABSTRACT
Objectives: To probe the impact of health inquiry on the prevention and treatment on bronchial asthma
Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on the patient who enter in the People’s  Hospital of JiMocity during June 2007 to April 2008 ,The matched case-control study was performed in 300 adults with asthma （20 to 70 years of age）which were divided into two groupes.The diagnostic of asthma was made through Chinese Journal Of Tuberculosis and Respiration (2004),Asthma was designed based upon prevention,contral,treatment ,management, relief and control drugf, trigger factor, presymptom and lung-function monitoring ,et al.
 To access the relationship of factors to asthma,we used univariate and multivariate logistic regression model which was employed to evaluate the risk factors for asthma.The dependent variable was presence and absence of asthma.Statistical testing was done at the two-tailed alpha level of 0.05,odd ratios(OR)and 95%CI was calculated.Data were analyzed  using the SPSS11.5 software.
Results: One Hundred Fifty mathed pairs were investgated, the ratio of males to females was 1.56:1.There was no difference in number and sexuality between two groupes.Testing groupe had an obvous advantage over comparison groupe in acknowlegement asthma knowledge,PEF moinoring,drug appliance,et al.There was also an obvious difference in acute episode frenquencies and hospitalization cases between two groupes(P<O．01).
 Conclusion: To make full-scale heathy inquirey for patient with asthma can enhance their cognition level and reduce acute episode and hospitalization frenquencies.
KEY WORDS: Bronchial Asthma; Nursing;Healthy Inquiry;
TYPE OF THESIS: Investigation Report
 
目  錄
1 緒論 1
1.1背景及意義 1
1.2研究目的及目標……………………………………………………………………1
 1.3關鍵詞及定義………………………………………………………………….........2
 1.4文獻回顧…………………………………………………………………………….2
2 研究設計…………………………………………………………………………………...3
 2.1研究對象……………………………………………………………………………..3
 2.2一般資料……………………………………………………………………………3
2.2.1哮喘患者性別分布………………………………………………………..3
     2.2.2哮喘患者年齡構成…………………………………………………………3
 2.2.3 哮喘患者的好發季節…………………………………………………….4
 2.2.4 哮喘患者的誘發因素…………………………………………………….4
 2.3研究方法……………………………………………………………………………4
 2.4研究步驟…………………………………………………………………………..5
 2.5統計學分析方法…………………………………………………………………..5
     2.5.1賦值處理…………………………………………………………………..5
     2.5.3單因素分析………………………………………………………………..6
     2.5.3多因素分析………………………………………………………………..6
3 研究結果 7
 3.1二分變量單因素分析……………………………………………………………….7
 3.2多因素分析…………………………………………………………………………..8
 3.3兩組哮喘患者急性發作及再住院情況比較……………………………………….8
4 討論 9
5推論及建議………………………………………………………………………………..13
 5.1推論…………………………………………………………………………...........13
 5.2建議…………………………………………………………………………...........13
致    謝 17
參考文獻 19
附    錄 23