基于AT89C52型單片機(jī)的交通燈控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

論文編號(hào):ZD1417  論文字?jǐn)?shù):18291,頁數(shù):41

論文題目：基于AT89C52型單片機(jī)的交通燈控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)
摘    要
 交通控制系統(tǒng)是近現(xiàn)代社會(huì)隨著物流、出行等交通發(fā)展產(chǎn)生的一套獨(dú)特的公共管理系統(tǒng)。要保證高效安全的交通秩序，除了制定一系列的交通規(guī)則，還必須通過一定的科技手段加以實(shí)現(xiàn)。本文在對(duì)目前交通控制進(jìn)行深入分析的基礎(chǔ)上，運(yùn)用檢測(cè)傳感、實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)整智能化控制的實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)，將傳感器監(jiān)測(cè)、實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)整車輛通行時(shí)間的算法與單片機(jī)控制作用相結(jié)合，提出了基于單片機(jī)的交通控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案。
 8051單片機(jī)的交通燈控制系統(tǒng)由8051單片機(jī)、交通燈顯示、LED倒計(jì)時(shí)、車流量檢測(cè)及調(diào)整、違規(guī)檢測(cè)、緊急處理、時(shí)間模式手動(dòng)設(shè)置等模塊組成。系統(tǒng)除基本交通燈功能外，還具有通行時(shí)間手動(dòng)設(shè)置、可倒計(jì)時(shí)顯示、急車強(qiáng)行通過、車流量檢測(cè)及調(diào)整、交通異常狀況判別及處理等相關(guān)功能。理論證明該系統(tǒng)能夠簡(jiǎn)單、經(jīng)濟(jì)、有效地疏導(dǎo)交通，提高交通路口的通行能力。
 本設(shè)計(jì)主要做了如下幾方面的工作：一是確定系統(tǒng)交通控制的總體設(shè)計(jì)，包括，十字路口具體的通行禁行方案設(shè)計(jì)以及系統(tǒng)應(yīng)擁有的各項(xiàng)功能，二是進(jìn)行傳感器的硬件電路、顯示電路等的設(shè)計(jì)和基本功能要求。三是進(jìn)行軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，對(duì)于本系統(tǒng)，本人采用單片機(jī)匯編語言編寫，總體上完成了軟件的編寫。
 
 論文類型：應(yīng)用研究
 
 關(guān) 鍵 詞：交通控制，傳感檢測(cè)，AT89C52，倒計(jì)時(shí)顯示，異常狀況判別及處理
 
 
  Title：MCU to complete the traffic light control system design and implementation of
ABSTRACT
 Traffic controllers system is a modern society with the logistics, travel and other transportation development of a unique set of public management systems. To ensure safe and efficient traffic order, in addition to the development of a series of traffic rules, they must have a certain scientific and technological means to achieve. In this paper, the current traffic control for in-depth analysis, based on the use of detection sensors, real-time adjustment to achieve intelligent control technology, sensor monitoring, real-time adjustments to traffic control algorithm and the role of single-chip combination is proposed based on microcontroller traffic control system design.
 8051 traffic light control system consists of 8051, traffic lights display, LED countdown, traffic detection and adjustment, compliance testing, emergency handling, time mode manual settings module. In addition to basic traffic light system functions, but also with the passage of time manually, you can countdown show, forced through the emergency vehicle, traffic detection and adjustment, identification and handling of traffic anomalies and other related functions. The system is able to prove the theory is simple, economical and effective way to ease traffic, improve traffic intersection traffic capacity.
  This design made the following main aspects: First, determine the overall traffic control system design, including, forbidding the passage of specific intersection design and various functions of the system should have, and second, the hardware circuit for the sensor, display circuit design and basic functional requirements. Third, the software system design for this system, I used the MCU assembly language, the overall completion of the software was written.

TYPE OF THESIS： Applied Research

KEY WORDS：Traffic controllers, sensor detection, AT89C52, countdown display, exception identification and handling
 
目  錄
1 緒論 1
1.1 論文的研究背景 1
1.2 論文的研究意義 1
1.3 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及其發(fā)展 2
1.3.1 國內(nèi)外交通控制技術(shù) 2
1.3.2 交通控制存在的問題 3
1.4 單片機(jī)交通控制系統(tǒng)主要研究的內(nèi)容 3
2系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.1 單片機(jī)交通控制系統(tǒng)通行方案設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.2 單片機(jī)交通控制系統(tǒng)的功能要求 6
2.3 單片機(jī)交通控制系統(tǒng)的基本構(gòu)成及原理 7
3 系統(tǒng)硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì) 9
3.1 系統(tǒng)硬件總電路構(gòu)成及原理 9
3.1.1  系統(tǒng)工作原理 9
3.2 單片機(jī)的選擇 10
3.2.1 單片機(jī)的概述 10
3.2.2 AT89C52芯片的主要性能 11
3.2.3 AT89C52芯片的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)框圖 11
3.2.4 AT89C52芯片最小系統(tǒng) 12
3.3 其它硬件介紹及連接 13
3.3.1 車流量檢測(cè)電路及模擬 13
3.3.2 違規(guī)檢測(cè)電路及模擬 14
3.3.3 八段LED數(shù)碼管 15
3.3.4 其它器件 16
4 系統(tǒng)軟件程序的設(shè)計(jì) 19
4.1 程序主體設(shè)計(jì)流程 19
4.2 理論基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) 20
4.2.1 定時(shí)器原理 20
4.2.2 軟件延時(shí)原理 20
4.2.3 中斷原理 21
4.2.4 紅綠燈時(shí)間調(diào)整原理 21
4.3 子程序模塊設(shè)計(jì) 22
4.3.1 按鍵掃描程序 22
4.3.2 狀態(tài)燈顯示及判斷 22
4.3.3 LED倒計(jì)時(shí)顯示 23
4.3.4 車流量檢測(cè)中斷服務(wù)子程序 23
4.3.5 緊停及違規(guī)中斷服務(wù)子程序 24
4.3.6 紅綠燈時(shí)間調(diào)整程序 24
4.3.7 消抖動(dòng)程序 25
4.4 源程序 25
4.5 系統(tǒng)軟件調(diào)試 29
4.5.1 TKS仿真器 29
4.5.2 集成開發(fā)環(huán)境KEIL 30
4.5.3 系統(tǒng)軟件調(diào)試 30
5 結(jié)論與展望 33
致    謝 34
參考文獻(xiàn) 35
附    錄 36