鍋爐輸煤PLC控制系統(tǒng)下位機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)

電氣自動(dòng)化論文編號(hào):ZD089         字?jǐn)?shù):20072,頁(yè)數(shù):46 

目錄

1緒論   1
1.1 選題背景   1
1.2 目的及意義   1
2 PLC的概述   3
2.1 PLC的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展   3
2.2 PLC的特點(diǎn)   5
2.2.1 高可靠性   5
2.2.2豐富的I/O接口模塊   5
2.2.3采用模塊化結(jié)構(gòu)   5
2.2.4編程簡(jiǎn)單易學(xué)   6
2.2.5安裝簡(jiǎn)單，維修方便   6
2.3 PLC與單片機(jī)的區(qū)別   7
2.4 PLC的組成   9
2.4.1 輸入單元   10
2.4.2 輸出單元   10
2.4.3. 中央處理單元 (CPU)   10
2.4.4 系統(tǒng)程序區(qū)   10
2.4.5 組件區(qū)   10
2.4.6 程序內(nèi)存   10
2.4.7 電源   11
2.4.8 外部設(shè)備   11
2.4.9 其它系統(tǒng)連接   11
2.5 PLC的編程語(yǔ)言   11
2.5.1 梯形圖語(yǔ)言   11
2.5.2 可編程序控制器編程基礎(chǔ)   15
2.6 PLC的工作方式   22
2.7 PLC的主要性能指標(biāo)   24
2.7.1 存儲(chǔ)容量   24
2.7.2 輸入/輸出點(diǎn)數(shù)   24
2.7.3 掃描速度   24
2.7.4 編程指令的種類和條數(shù)   24
2.7.5 內(nèi)部器件的種類和數(shù)量   24
2.7.6 擴(kuò)展能力   24
3 輸煤系統(tǒng)PLC控制   26
3.1 PLC的硬件選型   26
3.2 PLC控制系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)軟件選型   26
3.3 鍋爐輸煤控制系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)設(shè)備組成圖及流程方框圖繪制   26
3.4 輸煤系統(tǒng)下位機(jī)需要完成的任務(wù)   29
3.5 設(shè)計(jì)思路   30
3.6 自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)過程的設(shè)計(jì)   31
3.7 自動(dòng)停止過程的設(shè)計(jì)   31
3.8 手動(dòng)模式的設(shè)計(jì)   32
3.9 輸入輸出點(diǎn)的配置   32
3.10 PLC 的上下位機(jī)通信   34
4 PLC的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)   38
4.1 PLC發(fā)展的潮  38
4.2 PLC的最新發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài)   38
結(jié)束語(yǔ)   40
參考文獻(xiàn)   41
致謝   42

摘要
可編程邏輯控制器（PLC）是以自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和通信技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)發(fā)展起來(lái)的新一代工業(yè)控制裝置，它集順序控制、過程控制和數(shù)據(jù)處理與一身，具有功能強(qiáng)大、可靠性高、使用靈活方便、易于編程、維護(hù)簡(jiǎn)單、以及適于在工業(yè)環(huán)境下應(yīng)用等一系列優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在工業(yè)自動(dòng)化、機(jī)電一體化、傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造等方面得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用，已成為現(xiàn)代工業(yè)控制的支柱之一。本文將詳細(xì)說明可編程邏輯控制器在熱電廠輸煤過程中的應(yīng)用，由于輸煤系統(tǒng)設(shè)備多，任務(wù)繁重，地域分散，環(huán)境惡劣，噪聲和粉塵污染嚴(yán)重，為了減輕運(yùn)行人員的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，減輕惡劣環(huán)境對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作人員身體的危害，提高工作效率和安全運(yùn)行水平，所以我們采用可編程邏輯控制器對(duì)其進(jìn)行控制，使其可以自動(dòng)完成啟動(dòng)，停止，故障報(bào)警、故障停機(jī)等功能，從而起到節(jié)約成本、保護(hù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作人員的作用。

   我們這次設(shè)計(jì)完成的主要任務(wù)有:
（1）PLC系統(tǒng)的硬件選型；
（2）PLC系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)軟件選型；
（3）鍋爐輸煤控制系統(tǒng)的流程圖繪制；
（4）PLC控制系統(tǒng)的軟件編制；
 
關(guān)鍵詞：PLC，I/O滯后，循環(huán)掃描，梯形圖

Abstract
Programmable logical controller (PLC) is by the automatic control technology, the computer technology and the communication the new generation of industry control device which develops for the foundation, its collection sequential control, the process control and the data processing with a body, have the function formidable, the reliability high, the use nimble convenient, easy to program, the maintenance simple, as well as are suitable for under the industry environment the application and so on a series of merits, in the industrial automation, the integration of machinery, aspects and so on traditional technology industry transformation obtained the widespread application, has become one of modern industry control props. This article loses the specify programmable logic controller in the thermal power plant in the coal process the application, because loses the coal system equipment to be many, the duty is arduous, the region is dispersible, the environment is bad, the noise and the dust pollution is serious, in order to reduce the movement personnel's labor intensity, reduces the adverse circumstance to the field work personnel body harm, enhances the working efficiency and the safe operation level, therefore we use the programmable logical controller to carry on the control to it, enables its to be possible to complete the start automatically, stops, the breakdown reports to the police, functions and so on breakdown engine off, thus plays saves the cost, protects the field work personnel's role.
Our this design completes the primary mission has：
(1) The selection of PLC hardware system ;
(2) The selection of PLC development software  system ;
(3) Draws up the flow chart of the Transportation coal control system ;
(4) Programming the software of the PLC control system;
Key words：programmable logical controller，I/O lag, Scan-round, ladder diagram