熱量計(jì)的硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)

電氣自動(dòng)化論文編號(hào):ZD151   論文字?jǐn)?shù):16190,頁數(shù):37

目 錄
1緒 論 1
1.1 我國供熱現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2 發(fā)達(dá)國家熱計(jì)量收費(fèi)的概況 2
1.3 開發(fā)熱量計(jì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和應(yīng)用前景 2
1.4 供熱計(jì)量的合理方式 3
1.5 本設(shè)計(jì)研究內(nèi)容和目標(biāo) 4
2 熱量計(jì)的硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.1熱量計(jì)量系統(tǒng)框圖 5
2.2 熱量計(jì)計(jì)熱原理 6
2.3 熱量計(jì)硬件原理框圖 7
2.4 信號(hào)處理部分 8
2.4.1 單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) 8
2.4.2 單片機(jī)外圍電路設(shè)計(jì) 10
2.5 溫度信號(hào)測量 11
2.5.1 熱量計(jì)測量部分 11
2.5.2 差動(dòng)放大器 13
2.5.3 A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器與89C51的連接圖 14
2.5.4 溫度測量電路 16
2.6 流量信號(hào)測量 16
2.6.1 流量的概念 16
2.6.2 流量測量原理 17
2.6.3 流量測量的設(shè)計(jì) 17
2.6.4 流量測量電路 19
2.7 顯示部分設(shè)計(jì) 19
2.8 本章小結(jié) 20
3熱量計(jì)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 22
3.1 編程語言介紹 22
3.2初始化主程序 22
3.3 溫度測量子程序流程設(shè)計(jì) 23
3.4流量測量子程序流程設(shè)計(jì) 23
3.5熱量計(jì)量子程序流程設(shè)計(jì) 25
3.6按鍵子程序流程設(shè)計(jì) 26
3.7顯示子程序流程設(shè)計(jì) 26
3.8 本章小結(jié) 27
結(jié)論 29
致 謝 30
參考文獻(xiàn) 31

摘 要
本設(shè)計(jì)介紹了一種新型的熱量計(jì)，該熱量計(jì)是基于MCS-51單片機(jī)，主要由流量傳感器、溫度傳感器、單片機(jī)三部分組成。溫度信號(hào)測量電路是熱量計(jì)的測溫部分，它由三端穩(wěn)壓器(MC7805),溫度傳感器(Cu100)、差動(dòng)放大器(AD620)和A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器(AD1674)組成。流量測量的原理大致可分為兩類，即直接測量流量的方式和先求流速再通過流速乘以橫截面積來求流量等方式。單片機(jī)MCS-51為主組成的基本模塊是該系統(tǒng)的核心部分，主要完成對(duì)系統(tǒng)采集到的信號(hào)進(jìn)行相關(guān)的處理，協(xié)調(diào)其他模塊，使整個(gè)系統(tǒng)步調(diào)一致的工作。基于以上元件，設(shè)計(jì)一套用于計(jì)量熱量的智能低功耗熱量計(jì)系統(tǒng)。盡量使系統(tǒng)的電流消耗達(dá)到最小，并且參數(shù)能夠通過LED數(shù)碼管顯示出來。本設(shè)計(jì)詳細(xì)闡述了熱量計(jì)的硬件和軟件設(shè)計(jì)，成功的設(shè)計(jì)一套用MCS-51控制的智能熱量計(jì)。本熱量計(jì)是內(nèi)嵌微處理器的智能化測量儀表，與傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械式儀表相比具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、安全可靠、實(shí)時(shí)性好、靈敏度高；操作簡便，用戶通過一個(gè)按鍵就可以查詢所有數(shù)據(jù)和信息，并在LED上顯示出來，結(jié)果直觀。和傳統(tǒng)儀表相比成本大大降低，而且抗干擾性好、安裝維護(hù)方便、測量精度高，具有較高的性價(jià)格比。

關(guān)鍵詞：熱量計(jì)；單片機(jī)；流量計(jì)；溫度傳感器；流量傳感器

Calorimeter's hardware circuit design
Abstract
This design introduced one kind of new calorimeter. this calorimeter is based on the MCS-51 monolithic integrated circuit. mainly by the flow sensor, the temperature sensor, the monolithic integrated circuit three parts is composed. The temperature signal measurement electric circuit is calorimeter's temperature measurement part, it by three end manostats (MC7806), the temperature sensor (Cu100), differentiator amplifier (AD620) and a/D switch (AD1674) is composed. Flow measurement's principle may divide into two kinds approximately, namely the direct measurement current capacity's way and asks the speed of flow to be multiplied by the plan area first through the speed of flow to ask ways again and so on current capacity. Monolithic integrated circuit MCS-51 composes primarily the basic module is this system's hard core, mainly completes the signal which gathers to the system to carry on related processing, is coordinated other modules, causes work which the overall system marches in step. Based on the above part, designs a set to use in measuring the thermal intelligent low power loss calorimeter system. Enables system's current consumption to achieve as far as possible is smallest, and the parameter can demonstrate through the LED nixietube. As soon as this design elaborated calorimeter's hardware and the software design in detail, the success design applies mechanically the MCS-51 control the intelligent calorimeter. This calorimeter is in inlays microprocessor's intellectualization measuring instrument, compares with the traditional mechanical measuring appliance has the structure simply, safe reliable, timeliness to be good, the sensitivity is high; The power loss is low, overall system's dynamic power loss only then about 50uA, about static power loss only luA, only then above people's good guarantee use battery power supply 5 years; Operates easily, the user may inquire all data and the information through a pressed key, and on LED demonstrated that the result is direct-viewing. Compares the cost with the traditional measuring appliance to reduce greatly, moreover the anti-jamming good, installs the maintenance to be convenient, the measuring accuracy is high, has the high performance/price ratio.
Keywords:; Calorimeter; Monolithic integrated circuit; Flowmeter; Temperature sensor; Flow senso