鍋爐控制系統(tǒng)的研究與設(shè)計(jì)

電氣自動(dòng)化論文編號(hào):JD624  附任務(wù)書,開題報(bào)告,原理圖,論文字?jǐn)?shù):31226,頁(yè)數(shù):74

目錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章  緒論 1
1.1 工業(yè)鍋爐控制現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2 工業(yè)鍋爐控制的任務(wù)和特點(diǎn) 1
1.3 PLC控制的優(yōu)點(diǎn) 7
1.4本文主要內(nèi)容 8
第二章鍋爐控制系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì) 9
2.1系統(tǒng)控制要求 9
2.2 鍋爐本體構(gòu)造 9
2.3 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)思想 10
2.3.1電機(jī)控制模式 10
2.4各主要回路控制策略 12
第三章 系統(tǒng)硬件組成 20
3.1總體結(jié)構(gòu) 20
3.2 系統(tǒng)硬件組成 20
3.3主要器件選擇 20
3.4系統(tǒng)供電 33
3.5系統(tǒng)接地 34
3.6 系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行方式 34
3.7 PLC配置及I/O點(diǎn)分配： 35
第四章系統(tǒng)軟件和設(shè)置 42
4. 1 PLC軟件設(shè)計(jì) 42
4．2系統(tǒng)通訊 56
4．3 本章小結(jié) 57
結(jié)束語(yǔ) 58
致謝 59
參考文獻(xiàn) 60
附錄1 61
附錄2 62
附錄3 65

摘 要
在當(dāng)今各種工業(yè)企業(yè)的動(dòng)力設(shè)備中，鍋爐仍然是一重要的組成部分。隨著現(xiàn)代化工業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展，對(duì)能源利用率的要求越來(lái)越高，作為將一次能源轉(zhuǎn)化為二次能源的重要設(shè)備之一的鍋爐，其控制和管理隨之要求越來(lái)越高。但在我們國(guó)家，除了一些大中型鍋爐采用了先進(jìn)的控制技術(shù)外，絕大多數(shù)中小企業(yè)所用的鍋爐，如10T/h、20T/h鍋爐，大部分還在采用儀表/繼電器控制，甚至還是人工操作，已無(wú)法滿足要求。據(jù)此，本文針對(duì)一臺(tái)10T/h工業(yè)鍋爐，提出了一套PLC的控制系統(tǒng)方案。
本文以一臺(tái)10T/h鍋爐的PLC控制系統(tǒng)為背景，理論與實(shí)踐相結(jié)合，詳細(xì)闡述了集PLC技術(shù)，變頻器技術(shù)，通信技術(shù)于一體的先進(jìn)控制技術(shù)在該鍋爐控制系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用。在該系統(tǒng)中，應(yīng)用了Siemens公司的S7-300系列PLC，根據(jù)鍋爐的控制特點(diǎn)，分析系統(tǒng)的控制要求，實(shí)現(xiàn)給煤自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)，送風(fēng)自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)，引風(fēng)自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)，水泵給水的自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)，根據(jù)系統(tǒng)控制要求分析系統(tǒng)所需的PLC配置，以及備控量的I/O點(diǎn)數(shù)及I/O口分配，查閱S7-300使用手冊(cè)在理論上分析確定PLC的組成及使用事項(xiàng)，并用其編程軟件Step7設(shè)計(jì)鍋爐控制的梯形圖、STL語(yǔ)句及PLC通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)，實(shí)現(xiàn)鍋爐的水位三沖量控制、燃燒過(guò)程自動(dòng)控制、蒸汽壓力自動(dòng)控制等功能；基于鍋爐運(yùn)行安全的考慮，該系統(tǒng)中鍋爐由PLC控制， PLC、上位機(jī)組成一個(gè)MPI網(wǎng)，運(yùn)用Siemens公司的MPI全局通訊技術(shù)及WinCC的軟件設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)鍋爐的上位機(jī)的冗余控制，

關(guān)鍵詞:鍋爐 變頻器 PLC  PID  WinCC  Step7  MPI 全局通訊

Abstract
Nowadays the boilers are still an important component among various power equipments in industrial enterprises. Along with the fast development of modem industry，high efficient energy utilization is pursued more and more. And the boiler are a kind of Primary equipments for converting raw energy into secondary energy，so their control and supervision is very important for promoting energy utilization efficiency. But in our country，only some big and medium-sized boilers have adopted. Advanced control technique. Most boilers being used by medium and small enterprises，such as 10T/h and 20T/h boilers，are controlled by mete/relays，or even manually. That can not meet demand. In this paper，a control system scheme of PLC+IPC is Proposed，which is aiming at a 10T/h industrial boilers.
An advanced boiler control technique composed of PLC，inverter，and communication are detailly described with respect theory and application in this paper，which is based on two PLC control systems of 10T/h boilers in certain plant. The S7-300 series PLC of siemens company is adopted in the boiler control systems. The Step7 programming software is used to design the ladder chart，the STL language and the PLC correspondence network. Automatic control for the boilers has been realized，such as three impulse control for the water level，burning Process control，vapor pressure control. Moreover，an amicable man-machine interface，automatic storage of important boiler run data，and automatic print of reports in need is realized by using the configurations software WinCC of Siemens company. Each boiler in the system is controlled by one PLC respectively. PLC and IPC shaped into a MPI net. By using the MPI overall situation telecommunication technique and the WinCC software of Siemens company redundancy controls of the two IPC are designed for the safety. The automatic control of public facilities such as deoxidization equipment is also realized in the system.

Key words: boiler，inverter，PLC，PID