五層單臺(tái)電梯PLC控制系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案

電氣自動(dòng)化論文編號(hào):ZD318  論文字?jǐn)?shù):15457,頁(yè)數(shù):43

摘  要
 電梯是機(jī)械電器緊密結(jié)合的大型機(jī)電產(chǎn)品．主要由機(jī)房、井道、轎廂、門系統(tǒng)和電氣控制系統(tǒng)組成。伴隨建筑業(yè)的發(fā)展，為建筑內(nèi)提供上下交通運(yùn)輸?shù)碾娞莨�業(yè)也在日新月異地發(fā)展著。電梯已不僅是一種生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)中的重要設(shè)備，更是一種工作和生活中的必需設(shè)備，完全可以預(yù)想到，隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，電梯產(chǎn)品在人們物質(zhì)文化生活中的地位將和汽車一樣，成為重要的運(yùn)輸設(shè)備之一。
本次設(shè)計(jì)主要將可編程序控制器（PLC）和計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用到電梯的控制系統(tǒng)中去，以五層電梯為例來(lái)完成單臺(tái)電梯PLC控制系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案、組成及模塊化程序設(shè)計(jì)。通過(guò)三菱FX2N與計(jì)算機(jī)通信來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)電梯系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的控制。選用三菱FX2N可編程控制器，利用220V交流電源供壓。在進(jìn)行PLC的I/O接口分配、組合排列和代號(hào)后，確定機(jī)內(nèi)各種軟繼電器、數(shù)據(jù)區(qū)、通道代號(hào)，常用指令的編制規(guī)則和代號(hào)等。選用交流雙速電機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)電梯拖動(dòng)，采用樓層傳感器實(shí)現(xiàn)樓層間翻轉(zhuǎn)；顯示驅(qū)動(dòng)電路采用LED發(fā)光二極管構(gòu)成顯示屏的屏體。重點(diǎn)研究PLC的安全控制電路、樓層控制電路，開(kāi)關(guān)門電路的設(shè)計(jì)，以及啟動(dòng)開(kāi)關(guān)門程序、上行下行程序、樓層控制程序、自動(dòng)定向程序的編寫。
PLC電梯控制系統(tǒng)只需要稍加改進(jìn)即可應(yīng)用于更高性能要求的電梯中。這一切都表明該系列PLC不僅可以滿足電梯對(duì)高可靠性的實(shí)際需求，而且在控制水平和性能完全可以替代進(jìn)口的同類產(chǎn)品，并將突破電梯領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用到更為廣泛的行業(yè)，未來(lái)前景將更為廣闊。
 
關(guān)鍵詞：PLC；電梯；邏輯控制；程序設(shè)計(jì)
 
Abstract
 The elevator is the mechanical electric appliance close union large-scale mechanical and electrical products. Mainly of engine room, well road, sedan theater box, gate system and electric control system composition. Follows the architecture industry the development, provides the high and low transportation for the construction in the elevator industry also innovatingly to develop. The elevator already was not only in one kind of production link's important equipment, was in one kind of work and the life essential equipment, definitely might expect that along with society's development, the elevator product's will be the same in people material culture life status with the automobile, becomes one of important transport vehicles.
  This design mainly (PLC) and the computer applies the programmable controller in elevator's control system, as regularly completes the single Taiwan elevator PLC control system's overall project design, the composition and the modularized program design take five elevators. Realizes through Mitsubishi FX2N and the computer correspondence to the elevator systems operation control. Selects the Mitsubishi FX2N programmable controller, After carrying on PLC the I/O connection assignment, the combination arrangement and the code channel code number, commonly used instruction establishment rule and code number and so on. Selects the exchange two speed electrical machinery to realize the elevator dragging, uses the floor sensor to realize between the floor to turn over; The demonstration driving circuit uses the LED light emitter diode to constitute display monitor's screen body. Key studies PLC the safety control electric circuit, the floor control circuit, the switch gate design, as well as starting switch gate procedure, upward downward procedure, floor control procedure, automatic orientation procedure compilation.
 The PLC lift control system only needs to improve slightly then applies in the high performance request elevator. All these indicated that this series PLC not only may satisfy the elevator to the redundant reliable physical demand, moreover definitely may substitute the import in the control level and the performance the similar products, and will break through the elevator domain to apply a more widespread profession, in the future the prospect will be broader.
Key words：PLC; Elevator; Logical control; Programming
 目 錄
第1章 緒論 1
1.1電梯的概述 1
 1.1.1電梯的發(fā)展簡(jiǎn)史 1
 1.1.2電梯的運(yùn)行工作情況 1
1．2電梯控制系統(tǒng)的組成 3
第2章三菱FX2N系列可編程序控制器介紹 4
2.1可編程控制器的基礎(chǔ)認(rèn)識(shí) 4
2.2可編程序控制器的工作方式及編程語(yǔ)言 6
2.3可編程序控制器與繼電器、微機(jī)在電梯控制中的應(yīng)用比較 8
第3章總體方案論證 10
3.1方案論證及原理 10
3.2PLC五層電梯模型 10
3.3PLC單臺(tái)電梯控制系統(tǒng)功能介紹 13
 3.3.1PLC電梯控制系統(tǒng)三種工作方式介紹 13
 3.3.2PLC單臺(tái)電梯控制系統(tǒng)的工作流程 13
第4章硬件設(shè)計(jì) 15
4.1PLCI/O地址分配 15
4.2PLCI/O硬件連接 19
4.3主回路接線圖 21
4.4安全回路、門鎖回路、制動(dòng)回路電路圖 21
第5章 軟件設(shè)計(jì) 23
5.1召喚信號(hào)響應(yīng)及清除功能 23
5.2自動(dòng)定向功能 25
5.3停站控制功能 26
5.4廳外開(kāi)門功能 28
第6章結(jié)論 34
參考文獻(xiàn) 35
致謝 36
 附錄Ⅰ 原理圖 37
 附錄Ⅱ 梯形圖 38