高壓真空斷路器的設計

電氣自動化論文編號:ZD336  論文字數:35772,頁數:54，有開題報告，任務書，文獻綜述

目  錄

摘   要  I
Abstract  II
第1章  緒 論  1
 1.1 高壓斷路器在電力系統的應用  1
 1.1.1 概述  1
 1.1.2 真空斷路器與其他斷路器比較  2
 1.2 真空斷路器的發展及前景  3
 1.2.1 概述  3
 1.2.2 真空斷路器技術發展  4
 1.2.3 中壓真空斷路器發展趨向  6
 1.3 真空斷路器發展關鍵問題討論  8
 1.3.1影響真空斷路器截流值與開斷能力的因素  8
 1.3.2真空斷路器設計時要注意的問題  10
第2章  設計基本任務及要求  13
第3章  設計過程  14
 3.1 真空滅弧理論研究  14
 3.1.1 真空中的絕緣強度與擊穿  14
 3.1.2 真空中電擊穿學說  15
 3.1.3 擴散型和集聚型真空電弧  16
 3.1.4 真空電弧的其它特性  18
 3.1.5 真空電弧熄滅后的絕緣恢復特性和熄弧原理  19
 3.1.6 交流真空電弧的熄滅原理  20
 3.2   真空滅弧室的設計計算  21
 3.2.1 外殼  21
 3.2.2 屏蔽系統  22
 3.2.3 波紋管  24
 3.2.4 導電系統  24
 3.2.5 導向套  25
 3.2.6 排氣管和排氣保護帽  25
 3.3  觸頭設計  25
 3.3.1 觸頭結構  25
 3.3.2 觸頭材料  28
 3.3.3 觸頭動態參數選取  28
 3.3.4 觸頭直徑及磨損率  31
 3.4  動、熱穩定驗算，溫升驗算  32
 3.4.1 動、熱穩定性驗算   32
 3.4.2 溫升驗算   33
 3.5  絕緣結構分析   34
 3.5.1 額定電壓及最高電壓  34
 3.5.2 額定絕緣水平及絕緣強度  34
 3.6  操動機構選用及有關計算  36
 3.6.1 對操動機構的要求  36
 3.6.2 彈簧操動機構  37
 3.6.3 電磁操動機構  40
 3.6.4 永磁機構  41
 總  結   46
  參考文獻  47
  致  謝  48
 附  錄  真空斷路器總裝配圖設計，零部件圖設計   49 

摘  要  近年來隨著世界各國對環境保護越來越重視，SF6氣體作為溫室氣體的使用和排放便受到限制，從而使電器領域內SF6斷路器的發展也必將受到限制。同時，真空斷路器在中壓領域己經占據了主導地位。我國是真空斷路器大國,在中壓領域真空斷路器的使用高達80%，其中又以10KV真空斷路器發展最為成熟。目前它已基本實現國產化并且在有些方面在國際上以處與先進水平。10KV真空斷路器發展對我國的電網發展極其重要，在中壓斷路器領域中有無可替代的地位。
 本文以ZN型真空斷路器為參照，設計一臺真空斷路器并進行了有關驗算。主著重了真空滅弧室的設計；觸頭采用CuCr50材料的縱吹式滅弧觸頭。相關的動、熱穩定性，溫升驗算均符合國家標準。操動機構采用彈簧操動機構。設計各方面能滿足既定任務，達到設計要求。
關鍵詞：真空斷路器   真空滅弧室  觸頭  操動機構

The Design of High-voltage Vacuum Breaker

Abstract:  Recently, because various countries in the world pay more attention to the environment,SF6 which is as a greenhouse gas has being limited in the use and discharging, so the development of SF6 circuit breaker in the electrical equipment field also has being restricted. Meanwhile,vacuum circuit breaker has occupied the leading status in the  middle-voltage. China has numerous vacuum breaker and the use of it accounts for 80%, especially 10KV vacuum circuit breaker has developed the best. At present,10KV vacuum circuit breaker in the main has achieved products of nationalization. Even in some aspects it has reached the international advanced standard. 10KV vacuum circuit breaker plays a vital role in the  development of electrical net, which can not be substituted in the middle circuit breaker field.
 A vacuum circuit-breaker is designed and related checking computations have been carried on, by taking the ZN vacuum circuit-breaker as the reference. The design of vacuum extinguishing of arc chamber in this text has entered the research of the massive analyses. The contact uses the-vertical-blow-type extinguishing of arc contact made of CUCR material. The related moves and the thermostat ability, and the checking computations of temperature’s going up, are all up to the national standard. The vibrator unit uses the electromagnetism to hold the drive mechanism. In brief, this design in various respects satisfies the fixed duty and meets the design requirements.
【Key words】 the vacuum circuit-breaker    vacuum extinguishing of arc chamber    contact    the drive mechanism