羅克韋爾PLC在電梯控制系統中的應用

論文編號:ZD1284  論文字數:18086,頁數:46

摘  要

 現代社會中，電梯已經成為不可缺少的運輸設備。電梯的存在使得每幢高層建筑的交通更為便利。電梯控制技術的發展主要經歷了三個階段：繼電器控制階段，微機控制階段，現場總線控制階段。目前電梯設計使用可編程控制器(PLC)，要求功能變化靈活，編程簡單，故障少，噪音低。維修保養方便，節能省工，抗干擾能力強，控制箱占地面積少。當乘員進入電梯，按下樓層按鈕，電梯門自動關閉后，控制系統進行下列運作：根據轎廂所處位置及乘員所處層數，判定轎廂運行方向，保證轎廂平層時減速。將轎廂停在選定的樓層上；同時，根據樓層的呼叫，順路停車，自動開關門。另外在轎廂內外均要有信號燈顯示電梯運行方向及樓層數。隨著經濟的高速發展，微電子技術、計算機技術和自動控制技術也得到了迅速發展，交流變頻調速技術已經進入一個嶄新的時代，其應用越來越廣。電梯是現代高層建筑的垂直交通工具，其設計要求穩定性、安全性及高。電梯的結構隨著城市建設的不斷發展，高層建筑不斷增多，電梯作為高層建筑中垂直運行的交通工具已與人們的日常生活密不可分。電梯是機、電一體化產品。其機械部分好比是人的軀體，電氣部分相當于人的神經，控制部分相當于人的大腦。各部分通過控制部分調度，密切協同，使電梯可靠運行。

 關鍵詞  可編程序控制器，電梯控制系統，繼電器

   
ABSTRACT
  
 Modern society, the elevator has become an indispensable transportation equipment. Existence of the lift of each high-rise buildings more accessible. Elevator control technology has gone through three major stages: stage of the relay control, computer control of stage, stage of fieldbus control. At present, the use of elevators designed programmable controller (PLC), flexible and functional changes in requirements, programming is simple, less failure, low noise. Easy maintenance, energy-saving labor, anti-jamming ability, and control box covers an area of less. When the crew entered the elevator, press the floor button, automatic elevator doors closed, the operation control system to carry out the following: In accordance with the location of car and crew in which the number of layers to determine the direction of car to ensure that when the car decelerating flat layer. The car stopped at the selected floor; At the same time, in accordance with the call floor, the way of parking, automatic door switch. Also in the car both inside and outside lights should be displayed and the direction of the lift a few floors. With the rapid economic development, micro-electronics technology, computer technology and automatic control technology has been the rapid development of AC frequency converter technology has entered a new era, and their use has become an increasingly widespread. Elevator is a modern high-rise building, the vertical transport, the design requirements for stability, security and high. The structure of the lift with the continuous development of urban construction, the increasing high-rise buildings, elevators in high-rise building as a vertical run of the transport and people's daily lives have been inextricably linked. Elevator is a mechanical, electrical integration products. Mechanical parts of its body is like, the electrical equivalent of one part of the nerves, the control part of the human brain. Part by controlling the various parts of scheduling, in close collaboration, so that reliable operation of elevators.

 Key words   programmable controller, Elevator control system，relay

目  錄

摘  要 I
ABSTRACT II

1  緒論 1
1.1 序言 1
1.2 PLC的國內外狀況及未來展望 1
1.2.1 PLC的國內外狀況 1
1.2.2 PLC的未來展望 2
1.3 課題研究的意義 2
2  電梯控制系統組成 4
2.1 電梯的三個工作狀態 4
2.1.1 電梯的自檢狀態 4
2.1.2 電梯的正常工作狀態 4
2.1.3 電梯強制工作狀態 4
2.2 電梯控制系統原理框圖 5
2.3 電梯控制系統的硬件結構框圖 5
2.4 電梯控制系統的軟件流程 7
2.5 電梯的控制要求 8
2.6 電梯的控制功能 9
3  PLC硬件設計 12
3.1 PLC機型的選擇 12
3.2 PLC機架的選擇 13
3.3 PLC的CPU選擇 13
3.3.1 I/O點數的估算 13
3.3.2 用戶存儲器容量的估算 13
3.4 I/O模塊的選擇 14
4  PLC軟件設計 16
4.1 編程軟件選擇 16
4.1.1 選擇編程軟件 16
4.1.2 Rslogix5000編程軟件硬件配置 16
4.2 CONTROLLOGIX PLC系統編程軟件 16
4.2.1 Rslogix5000編程軟件功能簡述 16
4.2.2 Rslogix5000軟件的安裝步驟及操作界面介紹 17
4.2.3 題目設計用的主要指令介紹 18
5  系統設計 19
5.1 I/O分配表 19
5.2 電梯控制的梯形圖及說明 20
5.2.1 電梯的啟動復位程序 20
5.2.2 開關門環節 22
5.2.3 層樓信號的產生與清除環節 24
5.2.4 廂內信號的登記與消除環節 25
5.2.5 外呼信號的登記與消除環節 27
5.2.6 電梯的定向環節 29
5.2.7 自動運行時啟動加速、穩定運行停車制動環節 31
5.2.8 停層信號環節 33
5.2.9 輔助環節及梯形圖 34
5.3 程序的調試 35
結 論 37
參 考 文 獻 38
附錄A：輸入輸出信號功能及地址編號 39
附錄B：程序相關內部繼電器 41
致 謝 42