紅外物質水分探測裝置檢測模擬電路

論文編號:ZD1242  論文字數:15319,頁數:46  附原理圖

摘      要
 
 紅外物質水分探測儀是一種集光、機、電為一體的高科技產品，在工業的水分測量上有很廣泛的應用。它具有操作應用簡單、反應速度快、精度高、非接觸、測量范圍大、應用范圍廣和受環境因素影響小，并可在線連續測量等優點而倍受青睞。本文主要是從紅外傳感器的探測原理和以AT89c51單片機系統及其軟件設計三部分來論述紅外物質水分探測儀的結構、原理和實現。
 本設計依據紅外測濕原理，借鑒國內外同類產品進行了紅外傳感器電路設計。為保證紅外傳感器的測試精度，進行了光源的恒定自動控制、恒溫制冷自動控制、前置放大電路等模擬電路的設計。同時，在以AT89c51為核心的單片機系統中充分考慮了器件的通用性、性價比和精度要求，在保證測量精度的前提下盡量的降低了成本。大部分器件采用串行接法，從而簡化了硬件電路。在系統軟件設計時，為提高精度，采用累加平均等處理方法。
 本設計分為八章，分別對設計的各部分進行了論證。此次設計主要設計了紅外傳感器的模擬電路、AT89c51單片機的硬件接口電路和系統軟件。在第二章中主要是對紅外測量方法優點的論證及與其他測量法的比較；第三章中對紅外測量原理及其光路系統做了介紹；第四章和第五章對各部分具體電路加以詳盡的分析介紹；第六章進行了軟件分析設計；在第七章中繪制了系統流程框圖；并在最后附有相關文獻及硬件圖紙和軟件程序清單并對在設計中給我極大幫助和指導的老師表示了感謝。
           ABSTRACT
 
 Infrared material-moisture measuring instrument is a high science and technology product with light, machine and electricity. It is widely used in industry.It has a series of advantage such as high-precision, fast-measuring, non-contact, wide-measuring range,rich-measuring kind, little influence of environment, on-line measuring and so on. And now, more and more people welcome it. This article focuses on discussing its structure, principle and design of infrared measuring instrument and the system of AT89c51 monolithic processor.
 Using the experience of the other countries as reference, we also design analog control circuit such as the light source automatically control, refrigeration control and the preposition amplifier and so on. At the same time when we design the system of AT89c51 monolithic processor, we widely consider its versatility, cost performance and measuring precision. Much hardware is connected synchronously, so that simplified hardware circuit. When we design the system software, to improve measuring precision, we used accumulation and average principle.
 This text is divided into eight chapters; distinguish the right each part designing to proceeds the argument. In this designing, it mainly include outside right red measured analog control circuit and interface circuit and system software of AT89c51 monolithic processor. Measure the argument of the method advantage outside chapter 2 inside is primarily is right red and with the comparison of the other diagraph method; Chapter 3 inside is outside right red measured the principle and its light road the system to do the introduction; Chapter 4 analysis each and part of and concrete electric circuit take into detailed with chapter 5 introduction; 6 proceeding the software analyze the design; Drew the system process the diagram in chapter7; Combined at the teacher that finally fish-eye and related cultural heritage and hardware diagram paper with the software procedure the detailed list combine to me to biggest help in the design with directive to mean the with gratitude.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 目        錄
第一章      緒論………………………………………………………… 1
第二章      方案論證…………………………………………………… 2
           2．1   設計要求及任務…………………………………… 2
           2．2   測量方法——探測器的選擇……………………… 2
           2．3   分析處理部分——單片機系統的選擇…………… 4
第三章      紅外探測技術……………………………………………… 7
           3．1   紅外測濕原理……………………………………… 7
           3．2   紅外傳感器的光路系統…………………………… 7
           3．3   濕度測量中的濕度表示方法……………………… 8
第四章      紅外探測器模擬電路設計 ………………………………  10
           4．1   自動控制光源電路 …………………………………10
           4．2   恒溫制冷電路……………………………………… 11
           4．3   前置放大電路……………………………………… 11
           4．4   光路檢測器………………………………………… 13
           4．5   硫化鉛探測器的工作原理………………………… 14
第五章      微機處理系統硬件設計 ……………………………………15
           5．1  A/D轉換電路設計 ……………………………………15
           5．2   看門狗電路與復位電路設計……………………… 16
           5．3   顯示電路與鍵盤電路設計………………………… 17
           5．4   串行通信電路設計………………………………… 18
第六章      系統軟件設計 ………………………………………………20
           6．1   主程序設計………………………………………… 20
           6．2   系統子程序設計…………………………………… 20
第七章      程序框圖 ……………………………………………………25
第八章      總結………………………………………………………… 40
附錄A:      元件明細表………………………………………………… 41
            數字電路元件明細表……………………………………… 41
            模擬電路元件明細表……………………………………… 42
附錄B:      系統硬件電路圖…………………………………………… 44
附錄C:      主要參考文獻……………………………………………… 46
附錄D:      系統軟件程序清單（見另一冊軟件設計）