燃油鍋爐PLC的控制程序設計

電氣自動化論文編號:ZD890    論文字數:23449,頁數:57

目錄
摘  要 I
Abstract II
1 緒 論 1
1.1課題研究的背景和意義 1
1.2鍋爐的基礎知識 2
1.2.1鍋爐的定義 2
1.2.2鍋爐的發展 2
1.2.3鍋爐的工作 4
1.2.4鍋爐的結構 5
1.3 PLC的基礎知識 6
1.3.1 PLC的定義 6
1.3.2 PLC簡介 7
1.3.3 PLC的特點（與繼電器比較） 7
2 系統程序的設計 9
2.1燃油鍋爐的運行及示意圖 9
2.2 控制要求 10
2.3 燃油鍋爐的運行框圖 10
2.4 PLC機型的選擇 11
2.4.1 方法1. 按以下條件選擇機型 11
2.4.2 方法2.按以下要求選擇機型 13
2.4.3 方法3 14
2.4.4 PLC容量估算 17
2.5 系統的I/O接口以及硬件接線圖 20
2.6 系統控制的梯形圖 22
2.6.1起動 22
2.6.2停止 23
2.6.3異常狀況自動關火 24
2.6.4鍋爐水位控制 25
2.6.5系統總梯形圖 26
2.7 系統的示警電路 29
3 用移位寄存器來設計系統的程序 30
3.1 移位寄存器的定義功能 30
3.2 移位寄存器的操作過程 30
3.3 移位寄存器的作用 30
3.4 用移位寄存器繪制系統的控制圖 31
3.4.1啟動 31
3.4.2停止 32
3.4.3異常情況時 34
3.4.4水位控制 35
3.4.5 系統控制過程總梯形圖 35
4 總 結 39
致謝 41
參考文獻 42
附錄  指令表 43

摘  要
    自從20世紀60年代末第一臺PLC問世以來，已很快被應用到機械制造、冶金、礦業、輕工業等各個領域。PLC是采用微電腦技術制造的通用的自動控制設備，它具有高可靠性，能適應工業現場的高溫，沖擊震動等惡劣環境，廣泛應用于機械設備、生產流水線和生產過程的自動控制。PLC主要具有邏輯運行功能，可以代替繼電器進行開關控制、具有定時控制的功能、記數控制功能、步進控制功能，A/D、D/A轉換功能，數據處理功能，通信，聯網功能，并配置了較強的監控功能
 燃油鍋爐和建筑物自備發電機隨著城市發展而越來越多地應用。以前使用燃煤鍋爐由于其在燃燒時產生大量的CO2和粉塵污染環境而逐漸被淘汰，相對應的用燃油鍋爐來代替燃煤鍋爐已被廣泛用于賓館、大型商場等建筑。由PLC組成的燃油鍋爐控制系統適用于配用各種進口及國產燃燒器的燃油鍋爐，對鍋爐實行全自動控制，包括鍋爐水位、蒸汽壓力、燃燒系統的參數檢測、指示、報警、調節等進行控制。
 
 
 關鍵詞：可編程序控制器  燃油鍋爐  控制系統

Abstract
 Since the 20th century, PLC has quickly been applied to machinery, metallurgy, mining, light industry, and other fields after the first PLC been invented in the late of 1960s. PLC is an overall automatic control equipment which been manufactured by micro-computer technology. PLC has some advantages. It has high reliability. It suit to the high- temperature industrial environment and the adverse environmental like the impact shock .It also can widely used on mechanical equipment, production lines and the production process automatic. PLC has the logic operation function to replace relays for switching control, with timing control functions, numeric control functions, step control functions A/D, D/A conversion functions, data processing functions, communications, networking functions and control functions of stronger watch.
 Fuel boilers and city- owned generators of buildings been applied extensively with the development increasingly. The coal combustion boilers used previously have been gradually eliminated .Because it has large number of CO2 and dust pollution of the environment .The corresponding fuel oil boilers has replaced coal-fired boilers and have been widely used in hotels, shopping centers and other buildings. PLC control system applicable to fuel boilers with combustion devices in a variety of imported and domestically fuel boilers to implement fully automatic boiler control, including boiler water control, steam pressure controller, combustion system parameters detection control, instructions control and warning control.               
 
 
Key words:  programmable controller   fuel boiler   control system