嵌入式PID控制器硬件設計

電氣自動化論文編號:ZD947    論文字數:16817,頁數:41
目 錄
摘  要 I
Abstract II
1  緒論 1
1.1 PID的概述 1
 1.2 嵌入式系統概述 1
 1.2.1 ARM處理器 2
 1.2.2 嵌入式Linux 4
1.3 本文的主要研究內容 5
2  嵌入式PID控制器外圍硬件設計 6
2.1 系統總體原理 6
2.2 電流電壓轉換電路 6
2.3 電壓電流轉換電路 7
2.4 觸摸屏接口硬件電路 9
2.5 本章小結 9
3  嵌入式Linux開發環境的建立 10
3.1 開發環境的簡述 10
3.2 開發環境的配置 10
3.3 嵌入式Linux內核的配置和編譯 13
3.4嵌入式Linux內核的固化和運行 15
3.5本章小結 15
4  設備驅動程序介紹 16
4.1 設備驅動概述 16
4.2 驅動程序與應用程序的區別 17
4.3 字符設備驅動程序的編寫 17
4.4 本章小結 19
5  AD驅動程序設計 20
5.1 AD驅動程序流程圖 20
5.2 AD驅動程序 20
5.3 添加AD驅動程序進內核 25
5.4 本章小結 27
6  PWM驅動程序設計 28
6.1 PWM驅動程序流程圖 28
6.2 PWM驅動程序的設計 28
6.3 添加PWM驅動程序進內核 29
6.4 本章小結 29
7  觸摸屏驅動程序設計 30
7.1觸摸屏驅動程序流程圖 30
7.2 觸摸屏驅動程序設計 30
7.3 添加觸摸屏驅動程序進內核 33
7.4 本章小結 34
8  總結與展望 35
總結： 35
收獲： 35
展望： 35
致   謝 36
參考文獻 37

摘  要
 隨著科技的日新月異，研制智能化、小型化的PID控制器越來越受重視。一般的8位處理器已經無法滿足大量的數據處理，特別是在實時性、多任務化的要求下。32位的處理器以其高的性價比，出眾的性能成為現在開發產品首選的控制器。
 本文重點介紹了嵌入式PID控制器的硬件系統設計。此硬件系統主要是使用信號變換電路將信號轉換成處理器或外部設備能識別的信號。再通過觸摸屏進行人機交互，顯示實時數據和獲得設定參數。使用ARM處理器S3C2410來進行PID計算和顯示各種人機界面。PID計算和系統所需的數據都必須通過低層設備驅動來從外部設備獲取，還須開發上述硬件的驅動程序。本文詳細的介紹了電流電壓轉換電路、電壓電流轉換電路、低通濾波器等純硬件電路，同時詳細介紹了AD驅動、PWM驅動和觸摸屏驅動編寫過程。

關鍵詞： PID、嵌入式Linux系統、Linux設備驅動、信號轉換

Abstract

Along with technical progress, the development of the small and intelligent PID control is becoming more and more important. MCUs with 8-bit CPU, cannot afford large quantity of data processing, especifically with the demand of real time，multi-task. While MCUs, with 32-bit CPU and  the high performance-price ratio and outstanding performance, is becoming the first choice for electronic products recently.
Embedded PID controller's hardware system design is detailed introduced in this thesis. The signaltranslation electric circuit is used in this hardware system to transform the signal to another which can recognized by processor or the external devices, through the touchscreen. we can carries on the man-machine interaction, simultaneously display the real-time data and obtain the setup parameter. ARM processor S3C2410 is also used to enforce PID calculation and demonstrate kinds of man-machine contact surface. The data, which can be used in the PID computation and the system, must be obtained from the external device though the underlying devices drviers. So it is necessary to develop device driver for the hardware. This article detailed introducts the electric current voltage switching circuit、voltage electric current switching circuit and lowpass filter . Also the AD driver, the PWM driver and the touchscreen driver programming process is introduced in detail.

Keywords: Digital PID, Embedded Linux Systems, Linux Device Drivers , Signal convertion