基于SOPC技術(shù)的多功能信號發(fā)生器設(shè)計(jì)

電氣自動化論文編號:ZD990    論文字?jǐn)?shù):21876,頁數(shù):52

目 錄
摘要………………………………………………………………………………………....II
1  緒 論…………………………………………………………………………………...1
1.1  課題背景…………………………………………………………………………..1
1.2  波形發(fā)生器的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r…………………………………………………………..1
1.3  國內(nèi)外波形發(fā)生器產(chǎn)品比較……………………………………………………..3
1.4  研究波形發(fā)生器的目的及意義…………………………………………………..3
1.5  本設(shè)計(jì)研究的主要內(nèi)容…………………………………………………………..4
2  直接頻率合成技術(shù)…………………………………………………………………..5
2.1  DDS的原理和結(jié)構(gòu)……………………………………………………………5
2.2  DDS的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)……………………………………………………………….8
 2.2.1  DDS的優(yōu)點(diǎn)……………………………………………………………….8
 2.2.2  DDS的缺點(diǎn)……………………………………………………………….9
3  SOPC技術(shù)與Nios II處理器……………………………………………………..10
3.1  SOPC技術(shù)介紹………………………………………………………………….10
3.2  Nios II處理器簡介……………………………………………………………....11
4  DDS信號發(fā)生器的設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)…………………………………………………….13
4.1  Quartus II開發(fā)軟件……………………………………………………………...13
4.2  Cyclone器件概述………………………………………………………………..13
4.3  VHDL硬件描述語言……………………………………………………………13
4.5  設(shè)計(jì)方法…………………………………………………………………………14
5  DDS信號發(fā)生器的軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………15
5.1  設(shè)計(jì)方案…………………………………………………………………………15
5.2  系統(tǒng)硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………18
6   NIOS II軟核設(shè)計(jì)與DDS子系統(tǒng)……………………………………………..27
6.1  NIOS II軟核設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………..27
6.2  DDS子系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………...32
7   系統(tǒng)調(diào)試………………………………………………………………….….37
7.1  硬件調(diào)試…………………………………………………………………………37
7.2  軟件調(diào)試…………………………………………………………………………38
7.3  系統(tǒng)測試………………………………………………………………………....39
8 總結(jié)……………………………………………………………………………………..42
8.1性能特點(diǎn)…………………………………………………………………………...42
8.2待改進(jìn)之處………………………………………………………………………...42
致謝……………………………………………………………………………………..44
參考文獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………………………….........45
附錄A  VHDL語言程序……………………………………………………………………46
附錄 B 工程頂層設(shè)計(jì)圖…………………………………………………………………..49

摘  要
 函數(shù)發(fā)生器作為一種常用的信號源，是現(xiàn)代測試領(lǐng)域內(nèi)應(yīng)用最為廣泛的通用儀器之一。它可以產(chǎn)生多種波形信號，如正弦波，三角波，方波等，因而廣泛用于通信、雷達(dá)、導(dǎo)航、宇航等領(lǐng)域。
 嵌入式系統(tǒng)是當(dāng)今最熱門的概念之一，是當(dāng)前電子技術(shù)發(fā)展的又一新熱點(diǎn)。論文緊跟嵌入式系統(tǒng)發(fā)展趨勢，采用一種新的嵌入式系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)-SOPC(可編程片上系統(tǒng))技術(shù)進(jìn)行任意函數(shù)信號發(fā)生器的開發(fā)。SOPC是可編程技術(shù)發(fā)展到一定階段的必然產(chǎn)物，Altera公司于2000年首次提出SOPC概念，隨之開發(fā)出了Nios系列嵌入式軟核CPU。
 本設(shè)計(jì)首先介紹了函數(shù)波形發(fā)生器的研究背景和DDS的理論。然后詳盡地?cái)⑹隽擞肊P1C6T144完成DDS模塊的設(shè)計(jì)過程，這是本設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)。接著分析了整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)中應(yīng)處理的問題，根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)原理就功能上進(jìn)行了劃分，將整個(gè)儀器功能劃分為控制模塊、外圍硬件、FPGA器件三個(gè)部分來實(shí)現(xiàn)。然后就這三個(gè)部分分別詳細(xì)地進(jìn)行了闡述。最后，通過系列實(shí)驗(yàn)，詳細(xì)地說明了本設(shè)計(jì)的功能、性能、實(shí)現(xiàn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果。并結(jié)合在設(shè)計(jì)中的一些心得體會，提出了本設(shè)計(jì)中的一些不足和改進(jìn)意見。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)說明，本設(shè)計(jì)達(dá)到了預(yù)定的要求，并證明了采用軟硬件結(jié)合，利用DDS技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)函數(shù)波形發(fā)生器的方法是可行的。
 
關(guān)鍵詞：SOPC，DDS，信號發(fā)生器，NIOS II

 ABSTRACT
The general signal source, represented by function generator, is wildly used in the modern testing field. Given the abilities of generating all kinds of wave signals ,such as sine wave , triangle wave,square wave and so on.Therefore, it has been widely used in the domains of communication ,radar ,navigation ,etc.
Embedded system is one of the poppest concept，and also another hot spot in the development of today's electronical technology．The thesis follows on the heels of the trend of embedded system development ,and employs a new technology of embedded system design—SOPC technology, which is applied to the research of a signal generator．SOPC is an inevitable result of programmable technique developing. Altera Corporation first refered to the concept of SOPC in 2000.Afterwards,it developed Nios soft-wore processor．
In this paper ,the principle of DDS and basis of EDA technology is introduced firstly. Then the master chips are introduced .They are the base of the design. The problems met in the design are analyzed and the whole function is partitioned into three parts: master chip, FPGA device and peripheral hardware. The three parts are described in detail independently. Finally the function,  performance, realization, and experiment results are introduced in detail through some experiments. The disadvantage and things need to advance are also listed. Through an experiment , it is testified that the design meets the requirement planed and the way to use software and hardware programming method and DDS technology to realize Functional Waveform Generator is available.
Keywords：SOPC，DDS，signal generator，F(xiàn)PGA