浮塵含量檢測系統的光電傳感器設計

電氣自動化論文編號:ZD1052    論文字數:18567,頁數:41

目 錄
摘要……………………………………………………………………………....…….……........I
Abstract……………………………………………………………………….……..……........II
1 前言………………………………………………………………………….…………….......1
 1.1浮塵的特點及其影響…………………………………………………………….….......2
 1.2浮塵含量檢測儀的作用和發展歷史…………………………………….….……….....3
2 總體設計方案……………………………………………………………………...................5
 2.1檢測儀總工作原理…………………………………………………………………........5
 2.2 浮塵含量檢測儀的各部分組成及功能…………………………………………….......5
3  浮塵含量檢測系統的光電傳感器設計 ……….............................................................7
 3.1光電傳感器的工作原理......…………………………………………………………7
  3.1.1光電傳感器的構成...............………………………………………......7
  3.1.2分類和工作方式...……………………………………………………..............7
 3.2光的散射原理...........…………………………………………………......……....8
 3.3設計方案選擇及優缺點…………......................………………………..10
 3.3.1方案一.....................………………………………….……….......11
 3.3.1方案二...............……………………........….……….....……………...11
 3.4選取材料...............……….......…………………...............……….……...12
 3.4.1光源的選擇……….......…………………………….......…………….…....12
 3.4.2浮塵源的選擇…….......………………………….............…………….…...13
 3.4.3光電傳感器的選擇.......……………………….....................………….…...13
 3.4.3.1光電二極管.......…………………….………………………….......14
 3.4.3.2光敏電阻….......……………………….………………….…….....15
 3.5制作實驗裝置..........……….......……………………………….……….….19
 3.5.1 容器選擇.......……….......………………………...…….……….....19
 3.5.2 光源和光電傳感器的放置…………………….....…….……......................19
 3.5.3 模擬環境的設置…….......………...……………...……........................20
 3.5.4 其他部分.......……….......………………………..………….............20
 3.6 修改調試..........……….......………………………….....….………..….21
4 浮塵含量檢測系統的信號調理設計………..….....…….…........……...........24
 4.1檢測系統的信號調理….......…………………………...…….……….…….…24
 4.2放大電路.......……….......………………………….....…...…...………24
 4.3誤差分析......……….......…………………………..….……......…..……25
5浮塵含量檢測系統的LabVIEW數據采集分析軟件設計 …………………......…27
 5.1檢測系統的數據采集分析..…………………………......…...…….........….….27
 5.2 LabVIEW......……….......…....…………….….……….…….....……….27
6  系統的調試...………………………………….……………................30
 6.1實際測試 ………….........................……………….………................30
 6.2 數據分析…………………......................……………….….…...….…33
7  總結………………………………………………………………………………..…..….36
致謝………………………………………………………………………………..…….….....37

摘  要

 介紹了一種自行研制的浮塵含量檢測系統的測量原理和工作系統，該儀器用于監測空氣中懸浮物、煙霧等浮塵粒子的含量，并且實時反映浮塵含量的變化情況。浮塵含量檢測儀基于光散射原理，工作系統主要分為傳感器、電路、氣路和中央控制四部分。本儀器中還添加了模擬環境裝置，可以模擬各種浮塵含量的環境。儀器選用了直角散射光學傳感器接收信號光，經光電轉換和電路處理，可獲得環境中浮塵粒子的含量和變化信息。光電傳感器部分選用了市場上普遍的光電二極管和光敏電阻作為光學傳感器，能夠精確對空氣中的浮塵進行采樣。同時還采用了多傳感器多點測量技術，確保數據的準確性。試驗數據證實了該浮塵含量檢測儀具有對浮塵含量檢測的能力。

關鍵詞：光散射、浮塵含量檢測儀、光電傳感器

Abstract

 Introduceding the Measuring principle and working System of a-self-developed dust content Detection System. which is used in detected the particles content of suspended material and smoke in the air, and reflection dust content change in real-time. introduced based on principle of light scattering, The instrument includes an optical sensor, electric circuit, gas channel and center control unit. The instrument also adds device simulation environment that can simulate all kinds of dust content content environment. Instruments selected to receive the signal right angle light scattering optical sensor, by photoelectric conversion and circuit processing, dust particles in the environment available to content and change information. Instruments selected to receive the signal right angle light scattering optical sensor, through photoelectric conversion and circuit processing, available to know the content and change information of dust particles in the environment. Photoelectric sensor part use Photorectifier and Photoresistance , which can carry on the sampling precisely to the air floating dust . It also uses multi-sensor multi-point measurement techniques, to ensure the accuracy of the data. The experimental data have approved the Instrument has the ability of detection of tdust content .

Keywords：Light scattering、dust content Detection、System  Photoelectric sensor