采用Δ-Σ稱重儀的硬件設(shè)計(jì)

電氣自動(dòng)化論文編號:ZD1054    論文字?jǐn)?shù):14339,頁數(shù):30

摘  要 II
1  緒論 1
1.1 課題的背景和研究意義 1
1.2本課題的主要研究內(nèi)容 1
2  稱重儀顯示器主要芯片介紹 2
2.1單片機(jī)PIC16F76介紹 2
2.2  MAX232介紹 3
2.3  CS5534介紹 5
3  稱重儀的工作原理 8
3.1  稱重儀的性能 8
3.2   稱重儀工作原理 8
3.3 稱重儀基本結(jié)構(gòu) 8
4  稱重儀傳感器設(shè)計(jì) 10
4.1  傳感器設(shè)計(jì)原則 10
4.2  傳感器主要技術(shù)指標(biāo) 10
4.3  傳感器類型的選擇 12
4.4  傳感器的補(bǔ)償 12
5  稱重控制器設(shè)計(jì) 15
5.1 硬件設(shè)計(jì)原則 15
5.2  控制器電路圖 15
5.3 電源模塊選型 15
5. 4  模擬信號采集電路 17
5.5 模/數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換電路 19
6  系統(tǒng)抗干擾設(shè)計(jì) 21
6.1 PCB抗干擾總體設(shè)計(jì) 21
6.2  電源地線的處理 21
6.3  布線設(shè)計(jì) 22
7  總結(jié)與展望 24
致   謝 26
參考文獻(xiàn) 27

摘  要
 
 目前，隨著生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展，電子稱重儀的應(yīng)用范圍越來越廣泛，同時(shí)對電子稱重儀的技術(shù)要求也越來越高，電子稱重儀由一個(gè)單一的稱重裝置逐漸發(fā)展成一個(gè)集稱重、自動(dòng)控制和信息處理等為一體的綜合性的稱重系統(tǒng)。作為智能儀器，近年來得到迅速發(fā)展，已成為現(xiàn)代稱重技術(shù)發(fā)展的主流。隨著新技術(shù)、新器件、新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不斷涌現(xiàn)和應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的不斷擴(kuò)大，電子稱重儀的體系結(jié)構(gòu)、設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)的方法等都在不斷地變革之中。
 電子稱重技術(shù)在我國近十幾年來有了突飛猛進(jìn)的發(fā)展，無論是產(chǎn)品的性能、功能，還是可靠性方面都有了很大的提高，應(yīng)用范圍也大大的擴(kuò)展了。便攜式汽車稱重系統(tǒng)廣泛應(yīng)用于交管和路政部門在公路上檢查汽車超載超限運(yùn)輸，可以靜、動(dòng)態(tài)檢測出汽車的軸載重、總載重、是否超限超載、超載的重量等數(shù)據(jù)，為交管和路政部門提供有力依據(jù)，對于安全行車、杜絕事故、保護(hù)道路及橋梁至關(guān)重要。
 本設(shè)計(jì)Δ-Σ稱重儀其實(shí)就是模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換稱重儀，系統(tǒng)用PIC單片機(jī)代替微機(jī)進(jìn)行控制，完成智能稱重儀器應(yīng)具備的所有功能，該裝置具有較高的抗干擾能力，可在惡劣環(huán)境中穩(wěn)定可靠地工作；具有較高的稱重精度，誤差控制在0.5-2%范圍以內(nèi)；結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，使用壽命長，操作簡單，工作可靠，顯示直觀明了，外形美觀大方的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
  

關(guān)鍵詞：電子稱重儀、自動(dòng)控制、信息處理、單片機(jī)
Abstract
 Nowadays, with the development of productivity, and the application of electronic weighing instrument more and more widely, while the technical requirements of electronic weighing instrument is also increasing, electronic weighing instrument from a single weighing device develop into a comprehensive weighing system with weighing, automation and information processing.As intelligent instruments, it has developed rapidly in recent years. It has become the mainstream in the development of modern weighing technology.With the new technology, new devices and new standards are emerging and expanding field of applications, electronic weighing instrument architecture, design and the method of implementation are all in constant transformation.
 Over the last decade, electronic weighing technology with rapid development in China. It is both in product performance, functionality, or reliability has greatly improved. The scope of its application greatly increased also.Portable vehicle weighing system is widely used in traffic management and road administration departments in the road checking cars overload transportation. It can be static and dynamic detection of vehicle axle-load, the total load, whether overload, overload of weight data for traffic management and road administration departments provide a strong basis. Therefore, it is important to drive safety, prevent accidents, protect vital roads and bridges.
 The system controlled by PIC Single-Chip computer instead of Microcomputer to complete all the features which the intelligent weighing instrument should have. This device has a high anti-interference ability, and can work in harsh environments effectively and stably; It has a high weighing accuracy, and can control the error within the 0.5-2%；It has very simple structure and long service life.
 
 Keywords： Electronic weighing apparatus、Automatic control、information Processing 、SCM