直流電機PWM調(diào)速裝置的設(shè)計與制作

電氣自動化論文編號:ZD1081    論文字數(shù):14417,頁數(shù):40

目錄
摘 要 II
Abstract III
1 前 言 1
2 直流電機基本原理及性能分析 2
 2.1 直流電機調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展 2
 2.2 直流電機的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 3
 2.3 直流電機基本調(diào)速方法 3
 2.4 直流電機的能量轉(zhuǎn)換和特性曲線 5
3 PWM調(diào)速的基本原理 8
 3.1 脈寬調(diào)制基本原理 8
 3.2 脈寬調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的開環(huán)機械特性 9
 3.3單閉環(huán)直流調(diào)速原理 10
 3.4 PWM調(diào)速方案的優(yōu)越性 13
4 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計 15
 4.1系統(tǒng)總體方案 15
 4.2單片機模塊 15
 4.2.1  STC89C52RC單片機特性 15
 4.2.2 單片機晶振模塊 19
 4.3 程序下載模塊 20
     4.3.1 程序下載電路圖 20
 4.3.2 MAX232資料簡介 20
 4.4按鍵控制模塊 20
 4.5 H橋電路PWM控制電路 21
 4.5.1 H橋工作原理 21
 4.5.2 H橋器件選擇 22
 4.5.3 IRF540,IRF940簡介 22
 4.5.4電源電路 23
5 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 24
 5.1引言 24
 5.2 PWM實現(xiàn)方式方案論證 24
 5.3系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用程序設(shè)計 24
 5.4定時中斷服務(wù)函數(shù) 26
6 系統(tǒng)抗干擾 28
7 結(jié)論 29
8 致謝 30
參考文獻 31
附錄一：原理圖 32
附錄二：實物圖 33
附錄三：單片機程序 34

摘  要
 PWM控制技術(shù)是一中廣泛應(yīng)用于控制領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)，其原理是利用沖量相等而形狀不相同的窄脈沖加在具有慣性的環(huán)節(jié)時候，效果基本相同。
 本文設(shè)計了以STC89C52RC單片機和MOS管IRF540、IRF9540控制的直流電機PWM調(diào)速系統(tǒng)。通過改變PWM的占空比來實現(xiàn)電機的正轉(zhuǎn)、反轉(zhuǎn)、加速、減速、停止等功能。文章對基于STC89C52RC單片機的直流電機PWM調(diào)速系統(tǒng)進行研究。論文根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的要求完成了整體方案設(shè)計和系統(tǒng)選型，針對所設(shè)計的控制方案對控制系統(tǒng)的軟、硬件設(shè)計做了詳細論述，硬件部分先做了整體設(shè)計，然后介紹了以STC89C52單片機為核心的硬件構(gòu)成，對鍵盤電路、程序下載電路等做了詳細闡述；軟件部分采用模塊化思想，編制了流程圖，論述了軟件的設(shè)計思想和方法。

關(guān)鍵詞：直流調(diào)速、PWM控制、單片機

Abstract
 Pwm control technology is widely used in control of the areas of technology, the principle is using impulse and not equal to the shape of the same narrow pulse on the part of inertia, the effect of the basic spirit
 This article is based on the mos irf540 stc89c52rc monolithic integrated circuits and motors, irf9540 pwm machinery velocity modulation control. the change of pwm for the implementation of the motor than the accelerating, decelerating, inverting, and so on function.Article is based on stc89c52rc monolithic integrated circuits of a direct motor pwm machinery velocity modulation system for research.It finished the total Project design of system and model selection .The hard ware and software design of the system according to the Preceding solutions are discussed detailed. For the hardware Part after a dissertation on the whole design，the core hardware of the control system is the STC89C52RC MCU ，the Paper introduced electrical circuits ，input circuit of keyboard and so on . The method of software Planning for it is also discussed. For the software Part，with the Introduction of modular design concept some Procedure flow charts of main Program subroutine are offered.
Keywords：Direct-current velocity modulation  PWM control  Mcu