三相電缺相相序欠壓保護器的設計

電氣自動化論文編號:ZD1091    論文字數:13332,頁數:49

目錄
摘要 II
Abstract III
1  緒論 1
1.1  課題的提出依據和意義 1
1.2  三相電動機保護技術的發展及其研究現狀 2
1.3  三相電的介紹 5
1.4  本文研究的主要內容 6
2  系統的硬件電路設計 7
2.1  電源模塊設計 7
2.1.1  變壓器 8
2.1.2  三端穩壓器7805 9
2.2  電壓采樣及其調理電路設計 10
2.3  單片機（PIC12F877）接口電路設計 13
3  三相電保護器的軟件設計 15
3.1  主程序的設計 15
3.2  工作狀態的程序設計 15
3.3  AD采樣子程序 20
4  電路板的制作 23
4.1  產品的元器件清單 23
4.2  制作電路板的過程 24
5  系統抗干擾設計 25
5.1  RC低通濾波器設計 25
5.2  隔離抗干擾技術 25
5. 3  印刷電路板抗干擾措施 26
6  總結 27
主要參考文獻： 28
附錄1  系統原理圖，實物圖及PCB圖： 29
附錄2 軟件程序清單： 32

摘要

 科學技術突飛猛進的今天，生產力不斷的發展，三相電在工業生產中起到了至關重要的作用。尤其在一些電機和大功率設備上運用的比較普遍，然而在工礦、企業和農村，三相電動機因故燒毀損壞的現象很多，主要原因是因為三相電的缺相，錯相，欠壓而引起的。本文涉及的三相電保護繼電器就是通過檢測三相電是否有缺相，錯相，欠壓等問題來對電機進行及時的保護，從而最大限度的減少經濟損失。本文在分析了目前國內外電動機保護器的研究進展與現狀的基礎上，設計了一種以PIC12F675單片機為控制核心，集斷相、錯相和欠壓等故障保護于一體的多功能三相電機保護繼電器。
 本文首先對電動機的斷相、錯相欠壓等常見電氣故障進行了詳細分析，并結合PIC12F675單片機的功能特點，提出了可靠性高、實施性強的故障保護實現方法。本系統采用變壓器降壓的方法來給芯片提供穩定，可靠的電源。并是通過發光二級管來反饋給使用者信息。
 根據文中提出的各類故障保護實現方法，設計并實現了電動機保護裝置完整的硬件電路，給出了保護裝置完整的系統軟件實現方案。
 
 
關鍵詞：三相電，電機，芯片，保護繼電器
  
Abstract

 Today science and technology advances, productivity continues to develop, three-phase electricity in industrial production has played a crucial role. In particular, some motor and high power devices use the more common, but in industrial, enterprise and rural areas, three-phase motor for some reason the phenomenon of burning a lot of damage, mainly because of lack of three-phase power phase-phase, undervoltage and caused. This involves the three-phase power protection relay is by detecting whether the lack of three-phase power phase-phase, voltage and other issues to the protection of the motor in a timely manner to minimize economic losses. Based on the analysis of the motor protection device at home and abroad and present research based on the design of a PIC12F675 microcontroller to control the core, set off phase,-phase and undervoltage fault protection and other multifunctional three-phase motor protection relay.
 This article first phase off the motor, and other common-phase-voltage electrical faults are analyzed in detail, combined with PIC12F675 MCU features, presented high reliability, the failure to implement strong protection of realization. The system uses the method of step-down transformer to the chip to provide a stable, reliable power. And through the LED to feedback to the user information. .
 According to the text proposed by the various types of fault protection implementation methods, design and implementation of a complete motor protection hardware, protection devices are given a complete system software solution.
Key word: Three-phase power,motor,chip, protcetion relay