基于CAN總線的汽車控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計

電氣自動化論文編號:ZD1147    論文字?jǐn)?shù):20713,頁數(shù):52

目 錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 錄 III
第1章  緒論 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2國內(nèi)外的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢 1
1.3 課題研究的基本內(nèi)容 2
第2章  基于CAN總線的汽車電子控制系統(tǒng)概述 3
2.1現(xiàn)場總線的選擇 3
2.2 CAN總線概述 4
2.3 CAN總線協(xié)議分析 4
2.3.1 CAN總線的數(shù)值特性 4
2.3.2 CAN協(xié)議報文幀結(jié)構(gòu) 5
2.4 CAN總線在汽車中的應(yīng)用 7
第3章  基于CAN總線的汽車電子控制系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)硬件設(shè)計 9
3.1系統(tǒng)核心元器件選型 9
3.1.1 微處理器AT89C52 9
3.1.2 CAN總線控制器SJA1000 10
3.1.3 CAN總線收發(fā)器PCA82C250 12
3.1.4 電纜的選擇 13
3.2總線長度及節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)的確定 13
3.3系統(tǒng)硬件總體規(guī)劃 15
3.4系統(tǒng)智能節(jié)點(diǎn)硬件電路的設(shè)計 16
3.4.1微處理器模塊 17
3.4.2 CAN總線控制器模塊 18
3.4.3 電氣隔離模塊 19
3.4.4 CAN總線收發(fā)器模塊 20
3.4.5 電源模塊 21
3.5車窗升降控制系統(tǒng)智能節(jié)點(diǎn)設(shè)計 22
3.5.1 選擇驅(qū)動設(shè)備 22
3.5.2 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的選型 22
3.5.3 驅(qū)動芯片的選擇 24
3.5.4 驅(qū)動電路的設(shè)計 24
第4章  基于CAN總線的汽車電子控制系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)軟件設(shè)計 26
4.1系統(tǒng)智能節(jié)點(diǎn)軟件的設(shè)計 26
4.1.1 CAN初始化 26
4.1.2 CAN數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送 27
4.1.3 CAN數(shù)據(jù)接收 30
4.1.4 CAN自檢過程 32
4.2 車窗升降控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計 33
4.2.1汽車電動車窗的控制方案 33
4.2.2汽車電動車窗電機(jī)的控制 34
第5章  總結(jié) 36
參考文獻(xiàn) 37
致謝 38
附錄1  硬件電路設(shè)計 39
附錄2  程序 41

摘  要
 隨著現(xiàn)代汽車的快速發(fā)展，汽車電子設(shè)備不斷增加，傳統(tǒng)的接線方式已遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足汽車愈加復(fù)雜的控制系統(tǒng)要求，汽車控制局域網(wǎng)CAN總線應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，它廣泛應(yīng)用于汽車電子控制系統(tǒng)中，也是唯一一個成為國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的汽車局域網(wǎng).本文以CAN總線為基礎(chǔ)，結(jié)合51系列單片機(jī)技術(shù)，研究了汽車電子控制系統(tǒng)的CAN總線系統(tǒng)。實現(xiàn)了只用兩根信號線就可以實現(xiàn)對汽車電子控制系統(tǒng)的控制，使得傳統(tǒng)線束大大簡化，可靠性得到了極大提高，有效節(jié)約了線束安裝空間。
 本文首先綜述了當(dāng)前國內(nèi)外汽車網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用和發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。然后簡要介紹了CAN總線的一些基本概念和基本組織規(guī)則，闡述了CAN總線的報文、幀格式、錯誤類型以及檢測錯誤能力。對CAN總線的主要組成器件CAN微處理器、CAN控制器和CAN收發(fā)器等進(jìn)行了選型，并分析了微處理器AT89C52、CAN控制器SJAIO00和收發(fā)器PCA82C250的原理和應(yīng)用。設(shè)計了汽車電子控制系統(tǒng)的智能節(jié)點(diǎn)原理電路圖，在CAN總線規(guī)范的基礎(chǔ)上，按照整體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了CAN總線傳輸節(jié)點(diǎn)的軟件設(shè)計。對AT89C52微處理器的CPU和SJAIO00控制器進(jìn)行了初始化程序設(shè)計，同時設(shè)計出了報文的發(fā)送和接收處理程序，以及報文的中斷處理程序。最后，對全文進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。
研究表明，基于CAN總線的汽車電子控制系統(tǒng)是可行的并且能夠很好滿足現(xiàn)代汽車車身控制的需求。

關(guān)鍵詞：CAN總線   汽車  電子  車窗控制

Abstract
 With the rapid development of the modern automobiles，the lasting inerease of electronie devices of automobiles,the traditional Wiring harnesses can not satisfy much more complexity of contro1 systems of altomobiles.This problem has been resolved by CAN-bus,which has been using widely in automobiles electronic control system and is an exclusive automobile LAN as international standard.A multiplex transmission system of car electronic control based on CAN-bus,which combines the single-chip microcomputer，has been built.We can transfer all the data only by using the two wiring harnesses,which simples the wiring harnesses，improving the raliability,effectively save the fixing space.
 First of all，this paper analyzed the developing trend of international automotive network technology and considering its application and development status in China. Technical regulation of CAN-Bus network is lueubrated and Data Link Layer and Physical Layer in hierarchy stlucture of CAN-Bus is deseribed .Its basic concept and Orgnizing rules and Particularly represents the message、frame format、error style and cheeking error ability in CAN-Bus are simply introduced. .CAN microcontroller、controller and transeeiver were chosen which are the key chips in the CAN communication.The theories and applications of Microcontroller AT89C52、CAN controller SJA1000 and transceiver PCA82C250 were analyzed in detail.This paper designs the principium schematic diagram of car electronic control node System.Then,a CAN-Bus node that based on the CAN-Bus 2.0B specification has been designed with the consideration of a bus application.The paper studies the initialization program of SJA1000 and CPU,and the Program of transmitting,inception and inieriuptive.Finally, the conclusions of the researeh were drawn.
 From the work which has been done in this Project，the conclusion can be draw that Car Electronic Control System based on CAN is feasible and useful.

Key words:CAN-bus  Automobile   electron  Automobile window control