基于EMTP的輸電線路故障測(cè)距仿真研究

論文編號(hào):DQ272   論文字?jǐn)?shù):20168,頁(yè)數(shù):43

摘要

 高壓架空線路的準(zhǔn)確故障測(cè)距是從技術(shù)上保證電網(wǎng)安全、穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的重要舉措之一，具有巨大的社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，高壓輸電線路的準(zhǔn)確故障測(cè)距受到電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行和管理部門以及專家學(xué)者的廣泛重視。
 本文在繼承前人大量研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，首先，比較全面的對(duì)已有的故障測(cè)距方法進(jìn)行了概述，分析現(xiàn)有的故障測(cè)距方法的主要優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。其次，基于行波的輸電線路雙端測(cè)距算法只用到了到達(dá)故障線路兩側(cè)母線的第一個(gè)故障初始行波波頭，其可靠性高；但行波波速對(duì)其定位精度存在一定的影響；實(shí)際的波速受到線路參數(shù)頻變及地理位置、氣候等諸多因素的影響；本文介紹了一種雙端行波故障測(cè)距新方法，該方法利用故障初始行波和反射行波到達(dá)線路兩端的時(shí)刻來(lái)進(jìn)行故障定位，有效降低了行波波速的不確定和輸電線路長(zhǎng)度差異對(duì)定位結(jié)果的不利影響，提高了定位精度。接著，利用EMTP進(jìn)行了仿真計(jì)算，仿真結(jié)果證明了其準(zhǔn)確性。最后，對(duì)輸電線路故障測(cè)距的研究與應(yīng)用前景進(jìn)行了展望。
 
關(guān)鍵詞：  輸電線路，行波，雙端故障測(cè)距，波速 
 
  
Abstract

 Accurate fault location will lighten the work of seeking for the fault and facilitate quicker repair and restoration to reduce the damages due to stop of power supply, once faults occur on the transmission line. To ensure proper operation of the system, it is of great importance to determine the exact fault location when fault happens. For many years, accurate fault location of high voltage transmission line has been paid much attention to.
 On the basis of a lot of predecessors’ achievement, at first, some existing methods of transmission line fault location are summarized and those methods’ primary merits and disadvantages are analyzed as well. At second, based on the travelling wave, double ended approach only deals with the first transient travelling wave reaching the two buses of the fault line. Although it has higher reliability, its location accuracy can also be affected by the wave speed which will be influenced by such factors as geographical position, climate, line parameter changes because of the frequency variation. A new double terminal method of travelling wave fault location is introduced in this paper, which can effectively lower the influence of travelling wave speed and transmission line arc. The arriving intervals of the travelling wave from the fault location and reflected wave from fault location are recorded, then these intervals and location are used by the new method and the fault location is obtained by avoiding the wave speed and transmission line arc influences. Then, the results of EMTP simulation show that this method is available and accurate. Finally, the prospects in the research and application of fault location algorithms are described.
 
Key words：  Transmission line, travelling waves, double fault location, wave speed

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
1緒論 - 1 -
1.1 故障測(cè)距的作用 - 1 -
1.2 故障測(cè)距的基本方法 - 1 -
1.3 故障測(cè)距裝置的基本要求 - 2 -
1.4 故障測(cè)距的研究現(xiàn)狀及其發(fā)展 - 3 -
1.5 本文的主要工作 - 4 -
2 行波法測(cè)距原理及方案選擇 - 6 -
2.1 行波的基本概念 - 6 -
2.2 行波源 - 8 -
2.3 行波的反射與折射 - 9 -
2.4 波的衰減和變形 - 12 -
2.5 行波法測(cè)距的分類 - 13 -
2.6 幾種測(cè)距的比較 - 15 -
2.7 方案選擇 - 17 -
2.8 本章小結(jié) - 19 -
3 EMTP仿真及其結(jié)果 - 20 -
3.1 ATP-EMTP程序介紹 - 20 -
3.2 EMTP仿真 - 23 -
3.3 本章小結(jié) - 34 -
4 總結(jié)與展望 - 35 -
4.1 全文總結(jié) - 35 -
4.2 對(duì)今后工作的展望 - 35 -
謝辭 - 37 -
參考文獻(xiàn) - 38 -