220V太陽能逆變并網技術的研究

電氣工程論文編號:DQ008    論文字數:16723,頁數:37

目 錄
摘要. II
1 前言..1
 1.1研究的背景以及意義...1
 1.1.1  光伏發電的基本原理.....1
  1.1.2  光伏發電的優點. ...2
 1.1.3  光伏發電局限性.  ..2
 1.1.4  光伏發電未來展望 . ..3
2 光伏并網發電系統的分析 .. ..4
 2.1  光伏并網發電的分類  ... 4
 2.1.1  可調度式，不可調度式   ....4
 2.2  光伏逆變器的結構與分類.  ........6
 2.2.1  并網逆變器的結構拓撲   .6
 2.2.2  輸出電流的控制方式 ...8
3  并網逆變器系統設計.. .10
 3.1  逆變器系統技術條件 . 10
 3.2  逆變器的選擇   10
 3.3  控制系統設計 13
 3.4  單相光伏并網系統的MATLAB仿真   15
4  最大功率點跟蹤的實現  .17
 4.1  最大功率點跟蹤的基本原理    ...17
 4.2  光伏電池組最大功率點跟蹤方法...21
5  軟件鎖相環的研究. .27
 5.1  鎖相環技術的發展和應用 .... 27
 5.2  鎖相環的工作原理及其數學模型... . 27
6  總結  .30
致謝    ..31
參考文獻   . 32

摘  要
 隨著全球能源的緊缺,以及石化能源的高污染排放,尋找綠色可再生替代型能源已經成為世界各國的首要任務。而太陽能應為其獨特的優點，在眾多可再生能源中脫穎而出。在太陽能的應用中，光伏并網發電已經逐漸成為太陽能應用的主流。太陽能并網發電系統是通過太陽能電池板將太陽能轉化為電能，再通過并網變流器將直流電變為與網電同頻同相的交流電，并將交流電回饋給市電網。在太陽光線充足時，太陽能發出的電可供負載使用，而不需要網電提供；太陽能發電電量達不到需要的量時或在陽光并不充足時，可以由控制部分進行自動調節，通過電網給予補充。并網逆變器是太陽能并網發電系統的核心技術，其效率的高低、可靠性的好壞將直接影響并網型系統的性能和投資。本文提出了1kw太陽能并網逆變器的系統設計方案，然后對逆變器的工作原理以及控制策略進行了分析,文中還對于常用太陽能電池陣列的最大功率點跟蹤(MPPT)技術、鎖相技術（PLL）進行了研究與討論。并用MATLAB仿真了單相光伏并網系統。

關鍵詞 太陽能、并網、逆變器、最大功率點跟蹤、鎖相

Abstract
 With worldwide lack of energy sources and the proliferation of fossil oil contamination, many countries around the world are actively searching for new green and renewable energy sources as a priority. By the virtue of unique characters and advantages, the solar source is provocative of those renewable sources. Among the application of solar source, the grid-connected solar energy generates electricity system are turning to the main form of the solar energy application.
 The grid-connected solar energy generate electricity system can transform solar energy into electricity energy through the solar cell board, and can change the direct current(DC) into alternating current(AC) which has the same frequency and phase with the grid, and feed back to the grid. When the sunlight is sufficient, the load can be powered by solar energy, without drawing any energy from the grid. At the time that sunlight is not sufficient to generate enough power for the load, the control system will automatically take action to draw energy from the grid to overcome the shortage.
 The core technology of grid-connected solar electric system exists in the design of the grid-connected convertor, whose efficiency and reliability will influence the performance of the whole system. So, an efficient converter suiting for grid-connected solar energy station is proposed in the thesis.
 The paper first proposed a system design of the 1kw solar energy Grid-Connected Converter, and then conducted a analysis to the system’s working principle and control strategy. The article also elaborated the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology the Phase Lock Technique, at the same time using the MATLAB software to simulate the single phase solar energy grid-connected system 
 
Keywords Solar energy、grid-connected、MPPT、PLL