SPWM逆變器設計

電氣工程論文編號:DQ177   論文字數:13603,頁數:38

目錄
摘要 Ⅰ
Abstract Ⅱ
1 前言 1
1.1  現代逆變技術的發展與現狀 1
1.1.1現代逆變技術的概念 1
1.1.2現代逆變技術的發展過程 1
1.1.3現代逆變技術的分類 2
1.2  選題的原因和設計內容 2
1.2.1 SPWM的優點 2
1.2.2本文研究的主要內容 3
2 SPWM逆變整流的原理 4
2.1  單相正弦波全橋逆變器的主電路拓撲 4
2.2  開關管的驅動信號 4
2.3   SPWM的兩種常用的控制方法 5
2.4兩種波形形式 6
2.5  設計中所用的SPWM 7
3硬件部分介紹 8
3.1總體設計方案 8
3.1.1 硬件設計原理圖 8
3.1.2 系統功能介紹 8
3.2  SPWM正弦信號發生器SA8282 8
3.1.1 SA8282引腳和內部結構 9
3.1.2結構原理 10
3.3  單片機8051 11
3.3.1單片機AT89C51性能 12
3.3.2主要特性 13
3.3.3管腳說明 14
3.3.4振蕩器特性 15
3.3.5芯片擦除 15
3.4 UNL2004驅動器 15
3.4.1芯片ULN2004性能 16
3.4.2ULN2004 特性 16
3.5  光電隔離器 17
3.5.1光電隔離器簡介 18
3.5.2光電隔離器的結構 19
3.5.3光電隔離器的應用 20
3.5.4光電隔離器構成的幾個實用電路 21
3.6   IR2110 24
3.6.1 IR2110簡介 24
3.6.2 IR2110內部結構和特點 25
3.6.3高壓側懸浮驅動的自舉原理 25
3.7  LED的顯示 26
3.7.1并行接口概述 27
3.7.3 74HC164簡要說明 29
4設計總結 32
致謝 32
參考文獻 34
附錄  硬件系統電路原理圖和PCB 35

摘要

 本文研究內容屬于電源應用技術領域。隨著電力電子技術的飛速發展和對電氣設備控制性能要求的提高，逆變技術的應用越來越廣泛，相應對逆變電源的要求也越來越高。正弦波逆變技術已成為電力電子技術中最重要的部分。
 SPWM逆變器作為逆變器的一種，可輸出諧波含量小的正弦波形。隨著數字化控制技術的發展，SPWM脈沖波的生成和逆變器的全數字化控制趨于方便，并可使逆變器的輸出波形的穩態精度、暫穩態響應、可靠性等得到進一步提高。此外，逆變器諸性能的改善還基于對波形的閉環反饋控制，已見應用于此領域的純數字控制技術有重復控制、數字PID控制、滑模控制、單周控制等。
   鑒于此，這次設計是采用SPWM逆變技術進行對電源的逆變，整個系統中用單片機控制，使逆變電源數字化，LED的顯示使系統能直觀化。數字化的逆變器讓控制更加方便，并可使逆變器的輸出波形的穩態精度、暫態響應、可靠性等得到進一步的提高。因為本次設計是對原有的實驗設備基礎上進行改進，精簡了一部分元件的設計，加入了光電隔離技術，消除了外界電源的干擾，使得輸出更加精確。
關鍵詞：逆變電源；正弦脈寬調制；光電隔離；單片機8051；數碼管顯示
 
 Abstract

The content of this dissertation belongs in the research fields of power appliance technology. The performances of inventers are becoming more and more important along with the inverter technology’s widely using in lots of fields as the high speed developing of the power electronics and the more need for the electrical systems on control performance in some fields. As we know, the quality of electrical energy is more and more demanding in the modern industrial applications.
As one of inventers, SPWM inventers can achieve low total harmonic distortion (THD) output wave. With the development of digital control techniques, the production of SPWM and digital control of inventers become convenient, which makes the output wave’s steady-state precision, transient and steady state response, reliability improved. In addition, performances’ improvements of the inventers are also based on closed-loop control of output wave. Pure digital control technique, such as repetitive control, digital PID control , sliding mode control and one-cycle control, have being used in these fields.
In view of this, the design is the use of technology SPWM inverter power inverter, using single-chip microcomputer to control the entire system, so that the digital power inverter, LED display of the system can be intuitive. Digital control of the inverter to allow more convenient and steady state response, reliability improved. In addition, performances’ improvements of the inverters are also based on closed-loop control of output wave. Because of this design is the original on the basis of laboratory equipment to improve, streamline the design of a component part, joined the photoelectric isolation technology, eliminating the interference of external power, making the output more accurate.
Keywords: inverter；SPWM；Optical isolation；8051； LED