激光束特性的基本參量及其研究

應用物理學論文編號:WLX105  字數:16881,頁數:33

目  錄
中文摘要.....................................................................i
Abstract.....................................................................ii
第一章    緒論...............................................................1
     1.1  研究背景...........................................................1
     1.2  研究現狀...........................................................1
     1.3  課題主要內容.......................................................2
第二章    激光器的分類和應用.................................................3
 2.1  激光器的分類........................................................3
 2.2  激光器的應用........................................................4
第三章    激光束特性.........................................................6
 3.1  激光束特性..........................................................6
 3.2  激光的模式..........................................................7
 3.3  激光束分類..........................................................7
第四章    高斯光束...........................................................10
 4.1  高斯光束表達式......................................................10
 4.2  高斯光束的基本性質..................................................11
        4.2.1 光束束寬定義...................................................11
        4.2.2 瑞利長度(共焦參數)..........................................13
        4.2.3 發散角.......................................................13
        4.2.4 因子.......................................................14
第五章    激光束的特性參量的測量原理.........................................15
 5.1  激光參數測量原理....................................................15
 5.2  激光參數的不同測量方法..............................................15
第六章    實驗部分...........................................................19
 6.1  實驗儀器簡介........................................................19
 6.2  實驗步驟 ...........................................................21
 6.3  實驗數據處理........................................................22
 6.4  實驗誤差討論分析....................................................26
總結.........................................................................27
致謝.........................................................................28
參考文獻.....................................................................28

摘     要
 隨著激光的發展，激光的應用已經遍及科技、軍事、社會發展的各個領域。激光的各種參數是激光器性能好壞的一個評定標準。如何能夠更加準確的測量激光參數是當前激光領域研究的一個熱點。
 文中講述了激光的分類和特性以及在當前各個領域的應用情況，根據空間對稱性和相干性對激光束進行分類。研究高斯光束的傳輸和變換性質，以及高斯光束的特性參數，重點對光束質量的評價和測量進行了分析，用CCD測量了三個激光器的光束光強分布、激光光斑。建立了激光束判斷與參數測量系統，闡釋了激光束的測量原理，理論上分析了描述光束參數的物理量，對各種常用評價方案進行了比較，介紹了幾種傳統的激光光束質量評價方法，并指出了它們的不足。研究了光束衍射極限倍率因子作為光束質量評價標準的科學性和合理性，同時推導了光束參數的計算公式。介紹了實驗儀器及實驗步驟，最后采用三點法測量激光光束的各種參數。比較三個激光器的光束質量好壞。對系統誤差產生的原因進行了分析。
關鍵詞：激光器分類   激光應用   激光參數測量  高斯光束   CCD法  

Abstract
 With the development of laser the application of laser technology has been in various fields include the military, science and technology, and social development. The various parameters of laser are the eva luation criteria of good performance of laser. How to measure the laser parameters more accurately is currently a hot spot in laser field study.
     The issue talks about the classification and characteristics of the laser，and the fields of its application。Classify the laser beam ，according to the space symmetry and coherence. Study the transmission and transformation properties of Gaussian beam，and the characteristic parameters of it. Emphasis on analyzing the beam quality eva luation and measurement。Measure the light intensity distribution of three lasers。Use CCD to measure the laser spots. Establish the system of laser judgment and parameter measurement. Explain the measure principle of the laser beam. Analyze the beam parameters physical description of beam parameters on theory. Compare all kinds of common eva luation schemes. Introduce some traditional laser beam quality eva luation methods，and find out their deficiencies. Study the scientific and rationality by using the beam diffraction limit rate  as the standard of beam quality eva luation. Also deduce the calculation formula of the beam parameters. Introduce the experimental apparatus and experimental procedure in the end. Finally use the three-point method to measure the various parameters of laser beam，and analyze why the system errors causes.
Keywords: laser classification   laser application   laser parameter measurement   Gaussian beam   CCD method