聚賴氨酸復合防腐劑的開發研究

食品科學論文編號:SP131  論文字數:9740,頁數:32

 
目  錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 III
1  緒論 1
1.1  我國食品防腐劑的發展現狀 1
1.2   生物防腐劑 1
1.2.1  生物防腐劑的研究進展 1
1.2.2  復合防腐劑的抑菌效果 2
1.3  本實驗的研究目的和意義 2
1.4  本實驗的研究內容和預期結果 3
1.4.1  研究聚賴氨酸對各腐敗菌的抑菌效果 3
1.4.2  開發聚賴氨酸復合防腐劑 3
1.5  本章小結 3
2  實驗部分 4
2.1  材料與儀器 4
2.1.1  主要材料 4
2.1.2  主要儀器 4
     2.2  實驗方法 5
         2.2.1  菌懸液的制備 5
         2.2.2  菌懸液濃度確定 5
         2.2.3  抑菌實驗(濾紙片法) 6
     2.3  復合防腐劑的抑菌效果測定 6
         2.3.1  聚賴氨酸抑菌效果的測定 6
         2.3.2  聚賴氨酸和乳酸鏈球菌素復合的抑菌效果的測定 6
         2.3.3  聚賴氨酸與納他霉素復合的抑菌效果的測定 7
     2.4  本章小結 7
3  結果與討論 8
3.1  聚賴氨酸抑菌效果 8
3.2  聚賴氨酸和乳酸鏈球菌素復合抑菌效果 9
3.3  聚賴氨酸與納他霉素復合抑菌效果 11
3.4  本章小結 11
4. 總結與展望 12
致謝 13
參考文獻 14

摘 要：聚賴氨酸(PL)是一種含有25～30個賴氨酸殘基的同型單體聚合物。由賴氨酸殘基通過 －羧基和 －氨基形成的酰胺鍵連接而成，具有廣譜抑菌性。乳酸鏈球菌素(Nisin)稱乳酸鏈球菌肽或乳鏈菌素，是由34個氨基酸組成能抑制大部分革蘭氏陽性菌及其芽孢的生長和繁殖的抗菌素。納他霉素(Natamyein)也稱游鏈霉素(Pimaricin)，是一種能夠專性抑制酵母菌和霉菌的多烯類抗菌素。三種抗菌素均為安全、高效的生物抗菌劑，具有廣泛的開發前景。
本實驗以Staphylococcus aureus和Aspergillus niger為供試菌，通過濾紙片法、光電比濁法等方法分別研究了聚賴氨酸對各腐敗菌的抑菌效果，基本確定了最小抑菌濃度；通過將聚賴氨酸分別與乳酸鏈球菌素、納他霉素以不同比例復合，研究開發新型安全、營養的復合防腐劑。實驗結果表明：聚賴氨酸、乳酸鏈球菌素和納他霉素有很好的抑菌性能，通過復合可以在降低使用成本的同時提高抑菌效果。

Abstract: PL is a kind of monomer polymer including 25 ~ 30 lysine units which are linked by the bond formed by carboxyl group and amino. PLhas the broad spectrum bacteriostasis ability.  Nisin is composed of 34 amino acids which can inhibit growth and reproduction of Gram-positive bacteria and its spore. The natamycin also called Pimaricin, is a kind of polyalkene antibiotic. It can specially inhibit yeast and the mold. Three antibiotics are all safe, and efficient biological antibacterial agent which deserve to develop.
In this paper, Staphylococcus aureus, and Aspergillus niger  were use as subject. By filter sheet and colorimetric method, the inhibition ability of poly-L-lysine, to the above subjects were experimented. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined. The inhibition action of compound with poly-L-lysine, natamycin, nisin by different molar ratio was studied too. The results showed that poly-L-lysine, natamycin and nisin deserved to be developed with remarkable inhibition activity, specially for the compounds.
關鍵詞：聚賴氨酸；納他霉素；乳酸鏈球菌素；復合防腐劑

Keywords： PL; Nisin; Natamycin; Compound preservative