基于VB步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

車輛工程專業(yè)畢業(yè)論文，論文編號:JX898  論文字?jǐn)?shù):10495.頁數(shù):27

摘   要
 步進(jìn)電機(jī)是一種能將數(shù)字輸入脈沖轉(zhuǎn)換成旋轉(zhuǎn)或直線增量運(yùn)動的電磁執(zhí)行元件，廣泛應(yīng)用于ATM機(jī)、醫(yī)療儀器及設(shè)備、精密儀器、工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)、機(jī)器人等領(lǐng)域。如今處理器計(jì)算速度和運(yùn)算能力很強(qiáng)大，基于PC的控制技術(shù)，可利用豐富的PC軟件來改善控制系統(tǒng)的圖形顯示、動態(tài)仿真、編程和診斷功能。有著更為友好的用戶界面，提高了系統(tǒng)的安全性、開放性。因而，研究開發(fā)基于PC的高性能步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)發(fā)展勢頭強(qiáng)勁，引起人們的高度重視。
 本設(shè)計(jì)的主要目標(biāo)是完成PC機(jī)對步進(jìn)電機(jī)的四拍控制。以單片機(jī)AT89C51作為整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的控制核心，介紹了max232電平轉(zhuǎn)換電路，利用Visual Basic6.0 MSComm控件編寫上位機(jī)軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)PC與單片機(jī)的RS232串口通信。單片機(jī)I/O口以定時(shí)器中斷方式產(chǎn)生控制脈沖，通過L298N電路進(jìn)行放大，以驅(qū)動PX243步進(jìn)電機(jī)。可以通過上位機(jī)對電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速、轉(zhuǎn)向、圈數(shù)等進(jìn)行控制。
 
關(guān)鍵字：單片機(jī)  串口通信  步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制  Visual Basic

Abstract
 Stepping motor is a electromagnetic component that can translate the digital input pulse into rotary or linear incremental movement.It is Widely used in ATM machines, medical equipment and devices, precision instruments, industrial control systems, robotics, and other fields. Today, the processor speed and computing capacity is very powerful, PC-based control technology, you can take advantage of the rich PC software to improve the control system of the graphics display, dynamic simulation, programming and diagnostic capabilities. A more user-friendly interface, increased functionality, security, openness. Thus, research and development of PC-based high-performance stepper motor control system momentum, aroused attention.
 The main objective of this design is to complete four-beat control to stepper motor control through PC. The design AT89C51 microcontroller as the core of the whole system of control introduced max232 level converter circuit and microcontroller RS232 PC serial communication. MCU I/O port to control the timer interrupt generated pulse amplification circuit through the L298N to drive PX243 stepper motor.Finally, all kinds of control on the host computer can be completed, such as the speed, steering , turns of stepping motor.
 
Keywords：MCU  Series Communication  Stepping Motor Control  Visual Basic

目 錄
摘     要 I
Abstract II
第一章 引言 1
1.1 步進(jìn)電機(jī)產(chǎn)品現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2 步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制的現(xiàn)狀分析和發(fā)展趨勢 2
1.3 本設(shè)計(jì)的背景和意義 3
1.4 本設(shè)計(jì)的主要任務(wù) 5
第二章 PX243步進(jìn)電機(jī) 6
2.1 PX243兩相感應(yīng)式步進(jìn)電機(jī) 6
2.2 PX243工作原理 7
2.3 PX243四拍驅(qū)動時(shí)序圖 8
第三章 控制系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn) 9
3.1 單片機(jī)AT89C51簡介 9
3.2 AT89C51控制系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) 9
3.3 脈沖控制軟件設(shè)計(jì) 10
3.3.1 控制脈沖的設(shè)計(jì) 11
3.3.2 定時(shí)中斷子程序編寫 12
3.4 L298N驅(qū)動電路 14
第四章 串口通信 15
5.1 通信硬件實(shí)現(xiàn) 15
5.2 通信軟件實(shí)現(xiàn) 15
5.2.1 上位機(jī)的軟件實(shí)現(xiàn) 15
5.2.2 下位機(jī)通信軟件設(shè)計(jì) 19
第五章 總結(jié)與展望 21
7.1總結(jié) 21
7.2展望 21
參考文獻(xiàn) 23
致謝 24