頭盔的逆向造型與設(shè)計(jì)

車(chē)輛工程專業(yè)畢業(yè)論文，論文編號(hào):JX938  論文字?jǐn)?shù):14311.頁(yè)數(shù):29

摘    要

 傳統(tǒng)的正向設(shè)計(jì)為 CAD 軟件中的虛擬設(shè)計(jì)，在繪制復(fù)雜曲面模型時(shí)，相當(dāng)費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力；在設(shè)計(jì)人性化產(chǎn)品時(shí)，更是需要反復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)、修改才能達(dá)到要求；等等。因此，正向設(shè)計(jì)在開(kāi)發(fā)此類(lèi)產(chǎn)品時(shí)存在高成本、低質(zhì)量、長(zhǎng)周期等不足。逆向工程技術(shù)能彌補(bǔ)正向設(shè)計(jì)的不足。運(yùn)用逆向工程，可以將無(wú)論多復(fù)雜的已有產(chǎn)品或者物理模型迅速轉(zhuǎn)化為與原形基本一致的三維CAD 模型，可對(duì)此模型進(jìn)行改良或創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)。新產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)不再僅僅是CAD 軟件設(shè)計(jì)，可以是物理模型設(shè)計(jì)與 CAD 設(shè)計(jì)的實(shí)、虛結(jié)合。逆向工程技術(shù)還可與快速成形技術(shù)(RP)、快速模具技術(shù)(RT)集成，形成一個(gè)產(chǎn)品快速開(kāi)發(fā)系統(tǒng)。
 本文根據(jù)頭盔的點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)，按照逆向造型的一般過(guò)程：測(cè)點(diǎn)、連線、構(gòu)面、曲面的品質(zhì)分析、構(gòu)體；綜合運(yùn)用UGNX4.0軟件完成頭盔的三維造型。在此基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用UGNX的建模模塊完成模型的重構(gòu)，得到合理的頭盔曲面，以及根據(jù)合理的曲面完成三維模型的重構(gòu)。文章從為什么選題，背景，意義等結(jié)果出發(fā)，通過(guò)分析各種軟件的功能及結(jié)合自身情況選用UGNX4.0作為應(yīng)用軟件，解決了逆向造型中的數(shù)據(jù)處理，面構(gòu)造，實(shí)體構(gòu)建等問(wèn)題。

關(guān)鍵詞：頭盔  點(diǎn)云  逆向工程  曲面造型

Abstract

 Traditional CAD software being designed for the virtual design, rendering complex surface models, it is time consuming; in the design of personalized products, but also requires repeated experiments, modified to meet the demand; and so on. Therefore, the positive design of such products exist in the development of high-cost, low quality, lack of long cycles. Reverse engineering technology designed to make up for being insufficient. The use of reverse engineering can be, no matter how complex or existing products quickly into the physical model is consistent with the prototype three-dimensional CAD model, this model can be improved or innovative design. New product design is no longer just CAD software design, which can be physical model design and CAD design real and imaginary combination. Reverse engineering with rapid prototyping technology can be (RP), rapid tooling (RT) integrated to form a Rapid Product Development System.
 According to the helmet of the data points，according to reverse the normal process modeling, The integrated use of software UGNX4.0 completed the three-dimensional modeling lights. On this basis the use of UGNX MoldWizard module completed die design，get a reasonable surface helmet and optimize the process parameters of the die structure. Why topics from the article, background, the significance of the results , by analyzing the various software functions and the situation in light of its own choice as the application software UGNX4.0，Solve the reverse form of data processing，Structure of Surface, Construction of entities such issues.

Key words: Helmet   Point cloud   Reverse engineering  Surface modeling

目    錄
摘    要 II
Abstract III
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 概述 1
1.2 逆向造型定義 2
1.3 逆向造型的基本原則 2
1.3.1測(cè)點(diǎn) 2
1.3.2 連線 2
1.3.3 構(gòu)面 3
1.3.4 構(gòu)體 3
1.4 逆向造型的目的和意義 4
1.5  逆向造型的基本步驟 4
1.5.1  三坐標(biāo)測(cè)量 4
1.5.2 數(shù)據(jù)的處理 5
1.5.3 逆向造型建模 5
1.5.4 逆向造型的應(yīng)用 5
第二章 逆向造型常用的軟硬件 6
2.1 測(cè)量設(shè)備 6
2.2 常用的逆向造型軟件簡(jiǎn)介 8
2.2.1 Imageware 8
2.2.2 Geomagic Studio 8
2.2.3 DelCAM公司的CopyCAD 9
2.2.4 PTC逆向軟件 9
2.2.5 UGNX 9
第三章 頭盔的具體造型過(guò)程 11
3.1 對(duì)點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析 11
3.2點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)去噪及壓縮 12
3.3 曲率分析 12
3.4造型流程圖 13
3.5具體構(gòu)面過(guò)程 14
3.5.1首先考慮把點(diǎn)云分成兩大塊構(gòu)面 14
3.5.2對(duì)曲面進(jìn)行誤差及品質(zhì)分析 15
3.6 對(duì)自由曲面重新分塊及構(gòu)面 16
3.6.1 自由曲面輪廓線的構(gòu)造 16
3.6.2 構(gòu)造兩塊自由曲面 17
3.6.3 對(duì)重構(gòu)的曲面進(jìn)行誤差及品質(zhì)分析 18
3.7 三維模型重構(gòu) 20
3.8 曲面片增厚 20
3.9 頭盔設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)束語(yǔ) 21
參考文獻(xiàn) 22
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)總結(jié) 23
致    謝 25