點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)的微分幾何屬性估算

機(jī)械設(shè)計制造及其自動化論文，論文編號:JX1085  論文字?jǐn)?shù):16942.頁數(shù):52

摘要
 反求工程，簡單地說，就是從實際物體上采集大量的三維坐標(biāo)。并由此建立該物體的三維模型。從技巧較高的手工工藝到應(yīng)用復(fù)雜的計算機(jī)軟件和現(xiàn)代的測量技術(shù)的現(xiàn)代工程，反求工程有了一個巨大的飛躍，并迅速應(yīng)用于設(shè)計和生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域。這種技術(shù)的擴(kuò)展既是設(shè)計技術(shù)本身發(fā)展的結(jié)果，也是支持反求工程的相關(guān)設(shè)備發(fā)展的結(jié)果。反求工程技術(shù)包括數(shù)據(jù)獲取，數(shù)據(jù)處理，分塊及曲面擬合。
 本文主要介紹根據(jù)給定點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)，利用擬合拋物面的原理，估算點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)中每一點(diǎn)處曲面的微分幾何屬性：包括曲面的最大主方向、最小主方向、最大主曲率、最小主曲率、曲面的法矢等。
  
 關(guān)鍵詞:反求工程  微分幾何  拾取點(diǎn)云  屬性估算

Abstract
 Reverse engineering, short, collect a lot of three-dimensional coordinates from the actual objects. And thus establish the three-dimensional model of the object. Higher skills from the manual application of technology to complex computer software and modern measurement technology of modern engineering, reverse engineering have made a great leap forward, and quickly applied to the design and production fields. The technology expander is the result of the technology itself development, but also supports the reverse engineering of the result of the development-related equipment. Reverse engineering technology include data acquisition, data processing, block and surface fitting.
   In this paper, according to the fixed-point cloud data and the use of parabolic fitting principle, estimates point cloud data at every point in the surface of differential geometry attributes: the largest surface, including the main direction of the main direction of the smallest, most main curvature, and the youngest principal curvature, surface Vector and so on.

 Key words:  reverse Engineering   differential geometry   pick up point cloud properties estimates

目錄
摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
第一章.緒言 1
1.1引言 1
1.2反求工程技術(shù)在國內(nèi)外發(fā)展應(yīng)用狀況及其關(guān)鍵技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀 3
1.3微分幾何的產(chǎn)生 4
第二章  選題背景和意義 6
2.1微分幾何學(xué)的基本內(nèi)容 6
2.2反求基本要求 6
2.3點(diǎn)云基本要求 7
2.4數(shù)據(jù)獲取 8
第三章. 數(shù)據(jù)處理和特征提取 9
3.1數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理 9
3.1.1 雜點(diǎn)、噪聲點(diǎn)去除 9
3.1.2多視拼合 9
3.1.3數(shù)據(jù)精簡 9
3.2 STL數(shù)據(jù)形成及其數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)化 10
3.3特征提取及數(shù)據(jù)分割 10
3.4二次曲面特征提取技術(shù) 11
3.4.1二次曲面模型 11
3.4.2最小二乘法 13
3.4.3二次曲面擬合 14
第四章 數(shù)據(jù)的微分幾何屬性估算 16
4.1曲面曲率計算的基本原理 16
4.2 拾取點(diǎn)云 17
4.3測量數(shù)據(jù)的曲面曲率計算方法 18
4.4 微分幾何屬性估算 20
第五章 總結(jié) 26
第六章 結(jié)束語 27
附錄A 28
參考文獻(xiàn)： 48
致謝 49