油水介質(zhì)分離系統(tǒng)中的加熱裝置設(shè)計

機械設(shè)計制造及其自動化論文，論文編號:JX1491  論文字?jǐn)?shù):12365.頁數(shù):27

摘     要
 本文的研究對象是油田采出水，由于是二次分離，采出水中大部分是水，但仍然有少量油，因此必須使用油水分離技術(shù)來處理含油污水，以達(dá)到節(jié)約水資源，減少環(huán)境污染的目的。首先對國內(nèi)外油田污水處理技術(shù)進(jìn)行了概述，討論分離裝置和工藝的發(fā)展情況以及油田污水處理技術(shù)的發(fā)展方向。然后對油的粘溫特性進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)，了解粘度和溫度之間的關(guān)系和表達(dá)方式，明確油的粘度隨著溫度升高而降低的性質(zhì)后確定適合反清洗的水溫。最后在學(xué)習(xí)GL65污水處理系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)行加熱裝置的設(shè)計，重點是加熱裝置罐體的設(shè)計計算和裝置內(nèi)的各個零部件的選用，包括加熱管、熱敏電阻傳感器、安全閥、水泵和電磁閥等，掌握加熱裝置的工作流程，并且畫出裝配圖、焊合圖和各個零件圖。
 
關(guān)鍵字：油田污水   油水分離    加熱裝置          

Abstract
 In this paper, the object of study is produced water, as it is the second separation, the most of its components is water, but there is still a little oil, so oil-water separation technology must be used to deal with oily wastewater in order to achieve the purpose of saving conservation of water resources and reducing environmental pollution. First of all domestic and international oilfield sewage treatment technologies were outlined to discuss the development separation devices and technology,and the development direction of sewage treatment technology. Then to study the  viscosity-temperature characteristics of the oil and to understand the relationship between temperature and viscosity, And making sure the temperature of the anti-washing water after knowing that the oil viscosity is decreasing when temperature is increasing .Finally, on the basic of GL65 sewage treatment system ,try to design a heating department, the main work is to design the tank of it and the selection of the parts in it, including heating pipe, thermistor sensors, safety valves, pumps and electromagnetic valve and so on, then to understand the workflow of heating department, and draw the pictures of the various parts of the department.
Keywords :  Oilfield Sewage  Oil-Water Separator  Heating Department

目  錄
中文摘要 Ⅰ
英文摘要 Ⅱ
目錄 Ⅲ
第一章  緒論 1
 1.1  研究動機與目的 1
 1.2  研究背景 1
 1.3  研究方法與內(nèi)容 2
第二章  油田污水處理技術(shù) 3
 2.1  處理裝置的發(fā)展 3
 2.1.1  浮選設(shè)備 3
2.1.2  旋流分離器 4
2.1.3  波紋板式重力加速聚集型油水分離器 6
 2.2  處理工藝的發(fā)展 6
2.2.1  乳化油的去除 6
2.2.2  生化環(huán)保技術(shù)的應(yīng)用 7
     2.3  處理技術(shù)發(fā)展方向 8
 2.4  油田采出水處理方法 8
 2.5  本章小結(jié) 9
第三章  油的粘度和溫度 10
 3.1  油粘度的定義和表示方法 10
  3.2  油粘度和溫度的關(guān)系及表示方法 10
  3.3  油粘溫性質(zhì)和化學(xué)組成的關(guān)系 11
  3.4  本章小結(jié) 12
第四章  GL65型污水處理系統(tǒng) 13
 4.1  結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理 13
 4.2  過濾流程 14
 4.3  設(shè)備的使用 15
第五章  加熱裝置的設(shè)計 16
 5.1  罐體的設(shè)計 16
 5.2  加熱管和熱敏電阻傳感器的選擇 17
 5.3  安全閥、水泵和電磁閥的選擇 19
 5.4  本章小結(jié) 20
第六章  總結(jié) 21
參考文獻(xiàn) 22
致謝 23