實驗室計算機的IP地址自動設置程序——客戶端的設計與實現

論文字數:12306,頁數:29

摘  要
隨著互聯網的普及，我們的工作、學習和生活與網絡聯系越來越緊密，人們搭建了許多不同的網絡，如企業網、校園網和城區網等。由于采用DHCP技術動態地為主機配置網絡參數，可以有效解決目前IP地址資源不足（使用內部IP）和無線網絡用戶的移動性等問題，并能極大地減輕大型網絡管理員的工作量，減少手動配置主機網絡參數的錯誤，有利于我們快速地搭建一個大型網絡或修改其網絡配置。因此，網絡配置管理中越來越多地使用了DHCP服務器及技術，隨著網絡應用的普及和深入，其應用范圍將會愈來愈廣。但目前國內對DHCP技術的研究大多只限于DHCP服務器的配置問題和DHCP協議本身，很少有更深入的研究。我們在使用DHCP技術對主機網絡參數進行動態地配置與管理的同時，理所當然地認定了其唯一合理性和不可取代性。我們就實驗室計算機網絡配置與管理為背景，研究在此特定環境下通過UDP廣播分配IP（服務器）、配置IP（客戶端）的問題，以此在一定程度上取代DHCP技術，對實驗室計算機網絡參數進行快捷有效的配置與管理。具體來講，主要內容和工作有：
(1)介紹DHCP協議及DHCP工作原理
(2)介紹ARP協議和ARP工作原理
(3)系統的分析、設計、實現與測試

關鍵詞：DHCP；ARP；IP配置；多線程

The Automatic IP Address Configuration Software for Lab
——Design and Implementation of Client
Abstract
With the preva lence of Internet, the relation between people’s life and network becomes closer and closer, and various networks, such as enterprise network, campus network and public network etc. are being built. DHCP servers and DHCP technology for configuring network parameters can solve the problems of the shortage of IP addresses and the mobility of wireless network user, and as a consequence they greatly lighten the work of network administrator, and reduce mistakes from the manual configuration. They are quite useful for the fast set-up of a large-scale network or modifying its parameters. So DHCP technology will be applied more and more frequently in networks. Now researches on DHCP only focuses on the configuration of DHCP server and DHCP protocol, and people seldom do any deeper researches. When we are using DHCP technology to configure and manage network parameters of hosts, we think naturally that DHCP technology is the only way to solve the problem and that it can not be replaced. Based on the configuration and management of the hosts in the laboratory, this paper proposes a way to assign (server side software) and configure (client side software) network parameters, using the UDP broadcast instead of the DHCP technology. This software can make the problems easier to solve. The main content includes following points:
(1) Introducing DHCP protocol and its theory
(2) Introducing ARP protocol and its theory
(3) Introducing the analyse, design, implementation and test of this software

Key words: DHCP; ARP; IP configuration; multithread

目  錄

1 引言 1
1.1 課題背景 1
1.2 國內外的研究現狀 2
1.3 本課題的研究意義 2
1.4 本課題的研究方法 2
2 DHCP協議與ARP協議及他們的工作原理 3
2.1 DHCP協議概述 3
2.2 DHCP工作原理 3
2.3 ARP協議概述 5
2.4 ARP工作原理 5
3 系統的分析、設計、實現與測試 6
3.1 系統的分析 6
3.2 系統的設計 6
3.3 系統的實現 11
3.4 系統的測試 20
結    論 23
參考文獻 23
致    謝 24
聲    明 25