Java代碼框架自動(dòng)生成技術(shù)的研究

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摘    要
    現(xiàn)代軟件項(xiàng)目的規(guī)模日益擴(kuò)大,要完成一個(gè)的軟件項(xiàng)目通常需要數(shù)萬(wàn)行的代碼量,這種現(xiàn)象造成的直接后果是程序員的編碼量普遍增大.編碼量增大的同時(shí)有許多重復(fù)的工作需要程序員來(lái)完成,比如根據(jù)關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中表的字段來(lái)編寫(xiě)實(shí)體類(lèi),編寫(xiě)添加、修改、刪除、查詢(xún)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表的操作。這種重復(fù)性工作很容易導(dǎo)致編碼錯(cuò)誤,如果能夠有一個(gè)自動(dòng)化的生成工具來(lái)生成這些重復(fù)性代碼,則不但能夠降低程序員的工作強(qiáng)度,而且能夠降低編碼的錯(cuò)誤率提高編碼的規(guī)范性。
    本文描述一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序的實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程，該程序能直接將數(shù)據(jù)模型轉(zhuǎn)化為Java代碼，數(shù)據(jù)模型可來(lái)源于通用的設(shè)計(jì)工具所產(chǎn)生的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果如數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)模式,XML數(shù)據(jù)模式。同時(shí)，系統(tǒng)按照用戶(hù)業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)則層以及數(shù)據(jù)訪(fǎng)問(wèn)層實(shí)現(xiàn)比較完整的O-R映射.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的所有邏輯對(duì)象表,列,字段,主鍵,外鍵,Null,Default,唯一索引在類(lèi)里得到了體現(xiàn), 在生成的過(guò)程種可以靈活的定義生成參數(shù)。
    本設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合經(jīng)典案例Pet shop中工廠模式、反射機(jī)制等設(shè)計(jì)思想，實(shí)現(xiàn)從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的表或XML數(shù)據(jù)文件自動(dòng)生成業(yè)務(wù)實(shí)體類(lèi)以及基本數(shù)據(jù)訪(fǎng)問(wèn)操作等典型代碼，包括生成屬性,添加,修改,刪除,查詢(xún),Model 類(lèi)構(gòu)造等基礎(chǔ)代碼片段。
    本設(shè)計(jì)使用VS2005,實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言為C#,用戶(hù)界面為Windows Form類(lèi)型。設(shè)計(jì)支持?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和XML文件兩種類(lèi)型的數(shù)據(jù)源，軟件通過(guò)讀取數(shù)據(jù)源在后臺(tái)類(lèi)中產(chǎn)生Java代碼。
    本設(shè)計(jì)的最終成果為CodeFactory1.0軟件，該軟件能夠生成從Model層到BLL層的Java代碼,各層之間的關(guān)系以工廠設(shè)計(jì)模式進(jìn)行組織。這種模式可以有效降低代碼的編寫(xiě)量。

關(guān)鍵詞 ：工廠模式，工廠類(lèi)，反射機(jī)制，Model類(lèi)，業(yè)務(wù)實(shí)體類(lèi)

Abstract
    Nowadays the software project is becoming larger and larger, and it need thousands lines of coding to accomplish. It directly result that programmer’s work is heavier, besides there are a lot of duplicated works taken by programmer, For example, make model class, make add, update, select and delete methods base on the fields in database tables. The duplicated works result in mistakes easily. So we can reduce programmer’s work, and pull down the rate of mistakes in coding through the improvement of regulation in coding if we get an automatic tool to generate these duplicated codes.     
    This graduate design will implement an application that is able to turn data model into Java program code directly, the data model may come from the design result that is produced by the general design tools such as database model, xml data model. Meantime, the application implements a digit O-R relationship with BLL layer and DAL layer. All the tables in database, columns, field, primary key, foreign key, Null, Default, and unique index in the tables, is displayed in the class, and it allows you to set parameters during the process of producing code.
    The design relies on the classic design of Pet shop which is a kind of factory design model and reflect model. It has the ability that produce Model class and basic DA Code according to tables from databases or xml data files, including producing properties, producing add, update, delete, select code.
    The design is implemented with VS2005, using C# language and windows form. It supports Sqlserver database and xml data file as data source, and the software produce Java code through the background class according to data source.
    The design finally results as CodeFactory1.0, the software can produce Java code from Model layer to BLL, and the relationships among all layers are conducted in factory design model, it can reduce the work intensity of programmer effectively.

Key Words ：Factory Model, Factory Class, reflect model, Model Class, BLL Class
目   錄

1.緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 2
1.3 開(kāi)發(fā)方法 2
1.3.1 開(kāi)發(fā)方法概述 2
1.3.2 本系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)方法選擇 4
1.4 本文結(jié)構(gòu) 4
2 相關(guān)技術(shù)介紹 5
2.1 JAVA中的反射類(lèi)機(jī)制 5
2.1.1 反射的概念 5
2.1.2 JAVA中的反射類(lèi) 6
2.1.3 反射性能 8
2.2 簡(jiǎn)單工廠模式 9
3. 系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃 11
3.1 系統(tǒng)初步調(diào)查 11
3.2 設(shè)計(jì)的可行性,有效性 11
3.2.1 系統(tǒng)可行性研究 11
3.2.2 系統(tǒng)有效性研究 11
3.3功能需求分析 12
3.4總體設(shè)計(jì)方案 13
3.4.1 各部分功能 13
3.4.2 安全性 14
3.4.3 穩(wěn)定性 14
3.4.4 容錯(cuò)能力 14
3.5 系統(tǒng)的基本功能 14
3.6 設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程 14
3.7 系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)流分析 15
3.7.1 數(shù)據(jù)流圖簡(jiǎn)介 15
3.7.2 CodeFactory1.0 數(shù)據(jù)流圖 16
4. 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 17
4.1 總體設(shè)計(jì) 17
4.1.1 系統(tǒng)模塊結(jié)構(gòu)圖 17
4.1.2各模塊功能簡(jiǎn)介 19
4.2 詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì) 22
4.2.1 數(shù)據(jù)源配置模塊 22
4.2.2 數(shù)據(jù)源讀取模塊 23
4.2.3 參數(shù)收集模塊 24
4.2.4 代碼處理和生成模塊 25
4.2.5 代碼文件輸出模塊 28
5. 系統(tǒng)測(cè)試 34
總結(jié) 41
致謝 42
參考文獻(xiàn) 43
附錄 44