嵌入式Linux下USB驅動程序的研究與開發

論文字數:15092,頁數:34 有開題報告，任務書，PPT

摘      要

 嵌入式是一個快速發展的領域，目前50%左右的項目選擇源代碼開放的Linux作為嵌入式操作系統。但嵌入式Linux操作系統仍然沒有做到在硬件配置上的即插即用。 通用串行總線(USB)是一種高傳輸速率的串行接口總線, 綜合了一個多平臺標準，其低成本,兼容性強,可連接大量的外部設備,融合先進的功能等優點,使其在嵌入式系統領域得到了廣泛的應用。因此，研究和開發嵌入式Linux系統下的USB設備驅動程序就具有很好的應用價值。
 本文首先介紹了嵌入式開發的基礎知識，包括Linux環境下的makefile程序編譯，目標機與宿主機的交叉編譯環境的建立以及交叉編譯的步驟， USB的系統組成、傳輸方式以及嵌入式Linux下設備驅動程序的開發模式，最后針對JXARM-2410平臺，具體實現了一個USB設備驅動程序, 通過模塊加載，表明該USB設備驅動程序能夠實現對U盤的掛接，讀取U盤中的數據。

關鍵詞：Linux； 源代碼開放； 嵌入式； 即插即用； USB驅動

Research and development of USB drivers under Embedded Linux
 Abstract
 Embedded System is a rapidly developing area; currently about 50 percent of Embedded System projects choose the open-source Linux as the embedded operating system. However, Embedded Linux operating system hasn’t solved the problem on the hardware configuration of plug-and-play yet. Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a high-speed serial interface bus, a comprehension of multi-platform standards. Its low cost, compatibility，the ability of connecting a large number of external equipments simultaneously and the integration of advanced functions，made Linux widely used in Embedded System areas. Therefore, it is of good value to research and develop the USB device driver under Embedded Linux.
 This paper introduces the knowledge of how to develop USB device drive under embedded Linux environment, including the compiler procedures using makefile tools, as well as the steps of establishing a cross-compiler environment. It also introduces USB transmission and the development model of embedded Linux device driver. Finally, a concrete realization of the USB device driver was made, which was loaded onto JXARM-2410 platform through module loading, showing that the USB device driver can achieve certain tasks such as articulated U, read U disk data.

Keyword: Linux；plug-and-play；Open-Source；Embedded；USB Driver
 

目    錄
1 引言 1
1.1 嵌入式系統的發展 1
1.2 國內外研究狀況 1
1.3 課題背景及目的 2
2 基礎知識 3
2.1 ARM簡介 3
2.2 Linux下程序的編譯：makefile 3
 2.2.1 Makefile的書寫規則 4
 2.2.2 Makefile的自動推導 4
 2.2.3清空目標文件的規則 5
2.3 交叉編譯環境 5
 2.3.1開發環境的建立 5
 2.3.2 交叉編譯步驟 6
3 USB系統組成 8
3.1 USB的物理層 8
3.2 USB設備 8
3.3 HUB 10
3.4即插即用 10
3.5設備的掛起 11
3.6 USB數據流模型 11
3.7 USB 傳輸類型 12
 3.7.1 控制傳送 12
 3.7.2 批量傳輸 13
 3.7.3 同步傳輸 14
 3.7.4 中斷傳輸 14
4 嵌入式Linux下的設備驅動 15
4.1 設備類型分類 15
4.2 USB系統軟件 17
4.3 USB驅動程序開發 18
4.4 調度對象 URB 19
4.5 類URB 隊列 20
5 在JXARM-2410下配置USB設備 23
5.1 配置Linux內核以支持USB接口及U盤 23
5.2 編譯Linux內核 23
5.3 運行內核并加載模塊 24
5.4 在JXARM9-2410下使用U盤 24
總     結 26
致     謝 27
參 考 文 獻 28