城鎮污水處理廠初步設計

給水排水工程論文編號:GP015   論文字數:27495,頁數:65  附CAD圖

目  錄

摘要 I
Abstract II
目  錄 I
第一章：設計任務 1
1.1 設計的意義與要求 1
1.1.1 對社會的意義 1
1.1.2 對學生的意義 1
1.2 城市的概括和自然條件 2
1.3設計依據 2
第二章 水廠的布置原則和設計規模 3
2.1 污水廠選址及原則 3
2.2 工程概況 3
2.3設計規模 4
2.4設計流量 4
第三章 污水處理工藝選擇 5
3.1 污水進出水質情況 5
3.2 污水處理工藝流程選擇的原則 5
3.3污水處理工藝的選擇 6
3.4 剩余污泥的處理 11
3.4.1 剩余污泥的特性 11
3.4.2 污泥處理可供選擇的方案 11
第四章 污水處理廠的工藝設計和計算 13
4.1中格柵及提升泵房 13
4.1.1 中格柵的計算 13
4.1.2.集水池尺寸計算 16
4.2泵后細格柵及旋流沉砂池： 20
4.2.1泵后細格柵： 20
4.2.2沉砂池 22
4.3 CASS池設計 25
4.4鼓風機曝氣系統的設計 37
4.4.5曝氣頭的選擇： 39
4.4.6曝氣頭的布置： 40
4.5剩余污泥的處置 41
第五章：污水處理廠的總體設計 46
5.1廠址的選擇與布置原則 46
5.2平面布置及總平面圖原則 47
5.2.1.各處理單元構筑物的平面布置 47
5.2.2.管、渠的平面布置 47
5.3 該污水廠的平面布置的特點 48
5.4污水廠的高程布置 48
5.5 主要構筑物的設計 50
5.6 附屬構筑物的設計 51
第六章 環境保護、安全生產、社會經濟效益 52
6.1環境保護 52
6.1.1氣味和噪聲控制 52
6.1.2 廠區廢水、廢渣處置 53
6.1.3防止事故性排放 53
6.2 安全生產 53
6.2.1 勞動保護 53
6.2.2 消防 54
6.3 社會效益 55
致謝 56
參考文獻 57

摘要
 本設計為地處長江下游某城市經濟開發區日處理量5萬噸的污水處理廠初步設計。
 本設計采用循環活性污泥法CASS（cyclic activated sludge system)處理工藝。該工藝是將序批式活性污泥法(SBR)的反直池沿長度方向分為兩部分，前部為生物選擇區也稱預反應區，后部為主反應區，其后部安裝可升降的潷水裝置，CASS可在連續進水-間歇排水的周期循環方式下運行，集曝氣-沉淀-排水于一體。該工藝是一個好氧／缺氧／厭氧交替運行的過程，具有一定脫氮除磷效果，廢水以推流方式運行，而各反應區則以完全混合的形式運行以實現同步硝化一反硝化和生物除磷。對于一般城市污水，CASS工藝并不需要很高程度的預處理，只需設置粗格柵、細格柵和沉砂池，無需初沉池和二沉池，也不需要龐大的污泥回流系統(在CASS反應器內部有約2O％的污泥回流)。
 本工程設計兩組CASS池，每組CASS池又分別設3個獨立的反應池，每處理周期為4小時，經過進水、曝氣、沉淀潷水四個階段，達到連續出水的目的。經處理后的廢水，出水水質需達到當地環保部門的要求：CODcr≤60mg/l，BOD5≤20mg/l，T-N≤15mg/l，T-P≤3mg/l，NH4-N≤10mg/l。
 本工程的曝氣系統由鼓風機供氣，由微孔膜式曝氣頭布氣，有曝氣均勻、空氣利用率高的優勢。
 本設計剩余污泥處理方案根據CASS反應池的剩余污泥含磷量較高的特點，污泥經預處理后，采用機械脫水，最后焚燒處置。
 本設計主要對污水廠工藝選擇，各構筑物的設計與計算，設備的選型以及污水廠的總體布置進行初步設計。
 
 關鍵詞  CASS工藝;污水廠的初步設計;工藝

 Abstract
     The design of a city located in the Changjiang River Economic Development Zone,this paper is preliminary design of the the capacity of 50,000 tons of sewage treatment plant .
     This design uses CASS  (cyclic activated sludge system) processing technology.The process is the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) of anti-straight along the length of the pool is divided into two parts, the front of the selected area, also known as biological pre-reaction zone, the rear of the main reaction zone, then install to the Department ofmovements Decanter device, CASS in continuous water - water cycle of intermittent operation mode, set aeration - precipitation - water in one.The process is an aerobic / anoxic / anaerobic process alternately running, with some nitrogen and phosphorus removal, waste water flow to push run, but the reaction Region was completely mixed in the form of running in order to achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrificationand biological phosphorus removal.For the average urban sawage,CASS process does not require a high degree of pretreantment,simply set the caorse grid and the grit chamber,without the primary sedimentation tank and secondary setting tank,do not need a huge sludge recycle system(in CASS reactor within about 2O% of the sludge return).
     The CASS project design two pools, each pool CASS has located three separate reaction cell, each processing cycle of 4 hours, after water, aeration, sedimentation Decanter four stages to achieve the purpose of continuous water.The treated wastewater effluent quality required to meet the requirements of the local environmental protection departments: CODcr ≤ 60mg / l, BOD5≤ 20mg / l, TN ≤ 15mg / l, TP ≤ 3mg / l, NH4-N ≤ 10mg / l.
     The aeration system consists of the construction supply blower, first announced by the microporous membrane aeration gas, there is uniform aeration, high efficiency air superiority.
     The design of sludge treatment options remaninging under the cass reactor sludge characteristics of a high phosphorus content of sludge by pretreatment, mechanical dewatering, the final incineration.
    
      Keywords: CASS process ;Wastewater Treatment Plant Preliminary Design ; Nitrogen and phosphorus removal