論家庭暴力的救濟(jì)及立法建議

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 論家庭暴力的救濟(jì)及立法建議
[文摘]2001年，新的婚姻法出臺(tái)，增加了關(guān)于家庭暴力的禁止性規(guī)定。家庭暴力已經(jīng)成為人們?cè)絹碓疥P(guān)注的話題。它從過去被人們認(rèn)為的“家事”走向社會(huì)干預(yù)層面，顯示了社會(huì)的一大進(jìn)步。幸福的家庭都是一樣的幸福，不幸的家庭各有各的不幸。家庭生活并非我們想象的完美和幸福，家庭戰(zhàn)爭更是充斥著人們婚后生活的每一個(gè)空間。來自婚內(nèi)的家庭暴力，已經(jīng)釀成了太多的悲劇，這不得不引起我們的重視和關(guān)注。家庭暴力直接損害受害者的身心健康，造成愛害者長期精神緊張，憂慮和恐懼。特別是對(duì)婦女和未成年人的身心健康傷害更大。家庭暴力給社會(huì)帶來很大危害，導(dǎo)致犯罪增多，成為社會(huì)的不安因素。因此，我們有必要分析家庭暴力存在的狀況，充分認(rèn)識(shí)制止家庭暴力的重要意義，對(duì)幾千年來一直留在人們頭腦中的“兩口子打架不記隔夜仇”“清官司難斷家務(wù)事”等傳統(tǒng)觀念，和許多人們把家庭暴力當(dāng)做家務(wù)事，認(rèn)為丈夫打老婆、父母打孩子是天經(jīng)地義的錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)，必須給予強(qiáng)力的反擊，針對(duì)其自身具有的特殊性，找出解決的辦法，用法律武器制止家庭暴力的發(fā)生，使我們遠(yuǎn)離家庭暴力，建設(shè)美好生活。新《婚姻法》已經(jīng)明確規(guī)定，對(duì)實(shí)施家庭暴力構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任。受害人可以依照刑事訴訟法的有關(guān)規(guī)定，向人民法院自訴；公安機(jī)關(guān)應(yīng)當(dāng)依法偵查，人民檢察院應(yīng)當(dāng)依法提起公訴。同時(shí)《中華人民共和國婦女權(quán)益保障法》規(guī)定：禁止歧視、虐待、殘害婦女；婦女的人身自由不受侵犯；婦女的生命健康權(quán)不受侵犯，禁止用迷信、暴力手段殘害婦女；禁止虐待、遺棄老年婦女。侵害婦女合法權(quán)益，造成財(cái)產(chǎn)損失或者其他損害的，應(yīng)當(dāng)依法賠償或者承擔(dān)其他民事責(zé)任。婦女合法權(quán)益受到侵害時(shí)，被侵害人有權(quán)要求有關(guān)主管部門處理，或者依法向人民法院提起訴訟。公安機(jī)關(guān)對(duì)處理涉及家庭暴力的事件，也可以依法理直氣壯地保護(hù)受害人的權(quán)益。
[關(guān)鍵詞]家庭暴力 救濟(jì)方式 立法建議
[Abstract]In 2001, new marriage law releasing, increased has forbidden the stipulation about the domestic abuse. The domestic abuse already became the topic which the people pay attention more and more. It is thought from the past by the people “the family work” to move toward the society to intervene the stratification plane, has demonstrated a society's big progress. The happy family is the same happiness; the unfortunate family has each misfortune respectively. Family life we imagine by no means perfect and the unhappiness, the family war is flooding people after marriage life each space. From marriage's in domestic abuse, had already caused too many tragedies, this can not but bring to our attention and the attention. The domestic abuse direct damage victim's physical and moral integrity, creates loves the harming long-term mental strain, the anxiety and frightened. Specially is bigger to the woman and minor's physical and moral integrity injury. The domestic abuse brings the very big harm to the society, causes the crime to increase, becomes social the restless factor. Therefore, we have the essential analysis domestic abuse existence condition, the full understanding stops the domestic abuse the important meaning, has kept in the people brains to for several thousand years “the couple to fight does not record overnight the enmity” “the clear lawsuit difficult to break the housework” and so on traditional ideas, with many people the domestic abuse regard housework, thought that the husband hits the wife, the parents to hit the child is the perfectly justified false idea, must give the force the counter-attack, has the particularity in view of its oneself, discovers the solution, stops the domestic abuse with the legal instrument the occurrence, causes us to be far away from the domestic abuse, the construction happy life. New "Marriage law" already explicitly stipulated that to implements the domestic abuse constitution crime, investigates the legal responsibility legally. The victim may defer to the Law of Criminal Procedure the concerned requirements, to the People's court private prosecution; The Public security organ must investigate legally, the People's Procurator ate must sue legally. Simultaneously "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Women" stipulated: Forbids to discriminate against, the maltreatment, to cruelly harm the woman; Woman's personal freedom frees from aggression; Woman's right to life and health frees from aggression, forbids with the superstition, the violent means to cruelly harm the woman; Forbids to maltreat, the abandonment elderly women. Violates the woman legitimate rights and interests, creates the property damage or other harm, must compensate or undertake other civil liabilities legally. When the woman legitimate rights and interests receive the violation, is violated the human to be authorized to request the concerned Department responsible for the work to process, or files the charge legally to the People's court. The Public security organ to processes involves the domestic abuse the event, may also protect victim's rights and interests righteously legally.
Key words：Domestic violence;Remedies;Legislative proposals

目錄
第一章  家庭暴力簡介  ················５－１７
 第一節(jié) 家庭暴力概念的法律界定   ···········５－７
 第二節(jié) 家庭暴力的表現(xiàn)形式和特點(diǎn)   ··········７－９
 第三節(jié) 家庭暴力的現(xiàn)狀        ············９－１２
 第四節(jié) 家庭暴力存在與加劇的原因   ··········１２－１７
第二章  婚姻暴力及家庭暴力成因的倫理分析······１７－２３
 第一節(jié) 婚姻暴力   ··················１７－１９
 第二節(jié) 家庭暴力共因的倫理探析   ···········１９－２３
第三章  家庭暴力的危害及救濟(jì) ·············２３－３２
 第一節(jié) 家庭暴力的危害    ···············２３－２４
 第二節(jié) 防治家庭暴力的倫理對(duì)策和措施   ·········２４－２８
 第三節(jié)　家庭暴力的救濟(jì)    ···············２８－３２
第四章  家庭暴力的立法建議  ·············３２－３７
  第一節(jié) 關(guān)于家庭暴力的立法缺陷　　···········３２－３３
 第二節(jié) 家庭暴力的立法現(xiàn)狀　　　 ············３３－３５
 第三節(jié)　對(duì)家庭暴力的立法建議    ············３５－３７
   
參考文獻(xiàn)　　　　··················３８