摘要:超聲波作為一種傳輸信息的媒體，由于其本身的直射性和反射性，以及不易受光照、電磁波等外界因素影響的特性，在探傷、測距、測速等多種領域越來越受到重視。
在測距領域，傳統的測距方法都是用一種帶有標準刻度的測量工具進行有接觸的測量，這種測量方法雖然被廣泛的應用在生活中，但在有些場合卻無法完成測距的任務，如在井深，液位，管道長度的測量。而且這種方法在數據的讀取和保存都需依靠人工的方法，對數據的后期處理也相對麻煩。為了克服傳統測距方法在上述場合的不適用，在電子產品發展中，新興出一種新的測距方法－非接觸測距。
本文介紹了一種以PIC16F73為核心控制器的超聲波測距模塊的設計。論文首先介紹了超聲波測距的基本原理，隨后對幾種可性的方案進行了方案論證，確定最后的設計方案，并對整個的設計方案作了詳細的介紹。
關鍵詞： 超聲波；測距；非接觸式；PIC單片機
Abstract:Ultrasonic is a kind of media that transmits information, It has many speciality,for example pounded and reflection, and not easy to be disturbed by the factors such as light, Hertzian waves. because of these unique advantages, ultrasonic get more and more attention of people on many areas,such as crack detection, range finding and speed trial.
In the area of range finding,the traditional methods are used a measurement tools with calibration standard and contact to the object to measure. Although this method has been widely used in life, but in some occasions, it could not complete range of tasks, such as the range finding of well depth, Level, and the measuring the length of the pipeline.And use this method of reading, the data getting and preservation rely on artificial methods,the data handling in late is also relatively trouble. To overcome the traditional methods ranging occasions in the above does not apply, with the development of electronic products, a new range finding methods-ranging non-contact is emerging.
This paper presents a Ultrasonic Ranging Module design which use PIC16F73 to the core controller. Papers first introduced the Ultrasonic Ranging basic principles , be followed demonstrate several of the plan, and determine the final design, finally describe entire design in detail.
Keyword： ultrasonic； range finding；non-contact；PICsinglechip
