汽車電動手剎設(shè)計

電子信息工程論文編號:DZXX063  論文字?jǐn)?shù):10778,頁數(shù):28

目錄

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 背景 1
1.2 研究內(nèi)容 1
第2章 電動手剎裝置的功能設(shè)計 3
2.1 功能要求 3
2.2 系統(tǒng)整體設(shè)計 3
第3章 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計 5
3.1 硬件電路設(shè)計的主要問題 5
3.2紅外傳感器測距電路的設(shè)計 5
3.3模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換電路設(shè)計 7
3.4電機(jī)控制電路設(shè)計 8
3.5 51單片之間串口通訊電路設(shè)計 10
3.6 PCB板的制作 13
第4章 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 16
4.1 概述 16
4.2 紅外傳感器脈沖計數(shù) 16
4.3 檢測板串行口程序設(shè)計 17
4.4數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換程序設(shè)計 18
4.5 驅(qū)動板串行口程序設(shè)計 19
第5章 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計總結(jié) 21
5.1總結(jié) 21
5.2前景展望 21
致謝 23

摘 要
手剎的全稱是駐車制動器，是使汽車停放時不至于溜滑的制動器。使用手剎就需要操縱手剎的操作桿。由于傳統(tǒng)的駐車制動器使用駕駛員施加的力，通過機(jī)械放大傳送來實(shí)現(xiàn)駐車剎車的力，費(fèi)力，費(fèi)時，而且不可靠。
電動手剎把手剎的操縱桿改成卷尺型的操縱桿，使用時只要拉動它就能控制電機(jī)來剎車，將原來的全手動改成電機(jī)控制。該裝置應(yīng)用了兩片89C2051的單片機(jī)分別檢測拉索狀態(tài)和拉力傳感器的數(shù)值，并來控制剎車電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)動，指示燈的開關(guān)以及模/數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換芯片的工作。兩塊51單片機(jī)之間通過串行口進(jìn)行通信。
實(shí)現(xiàn)后的裝置省力，可以在短時間里產(chǎn)生足夠駐車的剎車力，并且可以判斷剎車狀態(tài)是否剎牢，即使在斜坡解剎中，也可以通過很小的力實(shí)現(xiàn)車體的平穩(wěn)解剎過程。該裝置極大的提高行車的安全性和操作的簡便性。

關(guān)鍵詞：電動手剎；MCS-51單片機(jī)；紅外測距傳感器；模/數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換；串口通信

ABSTRACT

In cars, the hand brake (also known as the emergency brake, e-brake, park brake, or parking brake) is a supplementary system that can be used if the vehicle's primary brake system (usually hydraulic brakes) has a failure. The traditional hand brake makes use of the mechanical structure to amplify the human force on the control rod to stop cars, which is time-consuming and unreliable.
Electric hand brakes replace the control rod by a cable, and replace the mechanical amplifier with a motor, by which will save labor for the drivers. This device adopts two 89C2051 single-chip microcomputers to detect the status of cable and force transducer, respectively, and control the indicator lights, the DC motor, and the A/D conversion. The two chips communicate through the serial communication protocol.
The final device can generate a reliable braking force to park the car shortly through pulling a cable with a small operating force. And it can detect whether the status is steady. Also, it can start the car on an even keel on a ramp. After all, this device improves the safety and the convenience of driving.

 Keywords: Electrical parking brake, MCS-51 single chip micro processor, infra-red transducer, A/D conversion，serial communication