射頻式計(jì)費(fèi)卡系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與研究

電子信息工程論文編號(hào):DZXX356  論文字?jǐn)?shù):13522,頁(yè)數(shù):36

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
緒論 1
1 系統(tǒng)方案 3
1.1  方案選擇 3
1.1.1  功放管的選擇 3
1.1.2 應(yīng)答器至閱讀器數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方式的選擇 3
1.2  總體設(shè)計(jì) 4
2 資料儲(chǔ)備 6
2.1 AT89C2051芯片介紹 6
2.2 CD4511芯片介紹 8
2.3 LM339芯片介紹 9
2.3.1 利用LM339制作的單限比較器電路 10
2.4  有關(guān)RFID天線的制作 10
2.4.1  可選的天線 11
2.4.2  天線的阻抗 11
2.4.3  距離 11
2.5 射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的頻率與作用范圍 12
2.6 射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的耦合方式 13
2.7 射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的耦合方式 14
3 硬件設(shè)計(jì) 15
3.1 閱讀器設(shè)計(jì) 15
3.1.1 電源模塊 15
3.1.2 4MHz載波信號(hào)產(chǎn)生模塊 16
3.1.3 高頻功放模塊 16
3.1.4 檢波模塊 18
3.1.5 比較模塊 19
3.1.6  解碼模塊 20
3.2 應(yīng)答器設(shè)計(jì) 21
4 軟件設(shè)計(jì) 22
4.1 應(yīng)答器發(fā)碼程序 22
4.2 閱讀器解碼程序 22
5 問(wèn)題分析及解決方案 23
結(jié)論 25
致謝 26
參考文獻(xiàn) 27
附錄一  閱讀器電路原理圖 28
附錄二 閱讀器pcb版圖 29
附錄三  應(yīng)答器電路原理圖 30
附錄四  應(yīng)答器pcb版圖 31

摘要
 
 近年來(lái)，自動(dòng)識(shí)別技術(shù)發(fā)展迅速，尤其是隨著電子技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展和制造技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步，采用無(wú)線電和雷達(dá)技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)的射頻識(shí)別技術(shù)（RFID-radio frequency identification）發(fā)展極為迅速，在物流系統(tǒng)、商業(yè)貿(mào)易、門(mén)禁防盜、識(shí)別技術(shù)和醫(yī)學(xué)應(yīng)用等領(lǐng)域中得到了極為廣泛地支持和應(yīng)用。
 射頻識(shí)別是一種非接觸式的自動(dòng)識(shí)別技術(shù)，它通過(guò)射頻信號(hào)自動(dòng)識(shí)別目標(biāo)對(duì)象并獲取相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，識(shí)別工作無(wú)須人工干預(yù)，作為條形碼的無(wú)線版本，RFID技術(shù)具有條形碼所不具備的防水、防磁、耐高溫、使用壽命長(zhǎng)、讀取距離大、標(biāo)簽上數(shù)據(jù)可以加密、存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)容量更大、存儲(chǔ)信息更改自如等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，其應(yīng)用將給零售、物流等產(chǎn)業(yè)帶來(lái)革命性變化。在國(guó)內(nèi)外射頻式IC卡已被廣泛應(yīng)用于公交、地鐵等眾多的收費(fèi)系統(tǒng)。
 本文章就是針對(duì)非接觸式射頻卡設(shè)計(jì)的計(jì)費(fèi)系統(tǒng)。文章主要介紹了基于射頻識(shí)別技術(shù)所制作的采用4MHz載波的閱讀器與應(yīng)答器的設(shè)計(jì)方法和工作原理，以及應(yīng)答器與閱讀器上一對(duì)單片機(jī)通信的軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)。

關(guān)鍵詞： 射頻識(shí)別 非接觸 閱讀器 應(yīng)答器 4MHz

 Abstract

  In recent years, the rapid development of automatic identification technology, especially with the rapid development of electronic and manufacturing technology.  to achieve the RFID,using radio and radar technology - have developed very quickly, which got extremely extensive application and support in the logistics system, business trade, access to guard against theft, identification technology and application in the fields of medical .    RFID is a non-contact automatic identification technology, which automatichally identifies targets through rf signal and gets access to relevant data. identification work doesn't need manual intervention. As the wireless version of bar code technology, RFID has the advantages of waterproof,  magnetic influence, high temperature resistance, long service life, label data encryption, larger capacity,  free stored information change.And the application will give retail, logistics and other industries with revolutionary change. At home and abroad, rf type IC card has been widely applied in numerous arear such as transit, metro system.    This article is designed for the contactless rf CARDS  charging system, which mainly introduces working principle and design method of the reader and the transponder based on rfid technology made by 4MHz carrier, and with a single-chip communication software realization.
 
Keyword：Radio Frequency Identification  non-contact  reader  transponder 4MHz